臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著CNC工具機自動化的演進，工具機機台精度的穩定性要求日益嚴苛，一般工具機熱變位的主要成因為主軸熱變位、結構熱變位及進給軸熱變位三項，過去的加工機對熱變形的瞭解與影響並沒有深刻的認知，雖然國內已有熱補償技術，但國內工具機廠商在概念與設計上仍有相當大的進步空間，唯有事前設計技術的提升搭配事後熱補償提升精度，才可進一步提升國際競爭力。
本研究依照實際磨床機台將模型簡化並進行三種分析模擬，1.主軸分析:將主軸獨立出來，在不受其它零件的影響下，探討主軸受熱時自身的伸長量及向下變形。2.最高切削點的整機分析:當主軸在立柱的最高點進行切削時結構最容易變形，再加上熱所產生的伸長，以此來探討加工誤差的最大值。3.常用工作區的整機分析:將主軸高度調整至慣用的工作高度並和後續量測實驗時一致，以比對分析和實驗間的誤差。
實驗中利用非接觸式位移計和溫度感測器量測熱溫升及熱伸長量，觀察磨床四小時內在最高轉速下，溫度及變形量的變化曲線，利用溫度及變形量結果找出磨床主要的熱源和變形的主因。

With the evolution of CNC machine tool automation, the stability requirements of machine tool accuracy are becoming more and more strict. The main reason of the thermal displacement of the machine center is the thermal displacements of the main shaft, the structure, and the feed shaft. In the past, engineer has no deep understanding of the thermal deformation of the machine center. Although there are thermal compensation knowledge developed in Taiwan, domestic machine tool manufacturers still have less application in the machine design. By considering the thermal compensation, the machine center can have the international competitiveness with improved accuracy.
In this study, the model is simplified according to the actual grinding machine developed in local and company three simulations are performed:
1.Single spindle analysis: Isolate the spindle without being affected by other parts, then, the elongation and downward deformation of the spindle in operation are investigated.
2.Machine analysis at the highest cutting point: When the spindle is worked at the highest point of the column, the structure is most easily deformed due to the heat distribution. It explores the maximum value of machining error.
3.Machine analysis at common work areas: The spindle height is adjusted to the commonly used working height and is consistent with the subsequent experimental measurement to compare the error between the analysis and the experiment.

In the experiment, the non-contact displacement meter and the temperature sensor were used to measure the temperature rise and the thermal elongation. The temperature rise and deformation curves due to the highest operation speed in four hours, are compared through the experiments and the optical analysis. The main reasons caused the problems can this be found.

摘要···i
Abstract···ii
誌謝···iv
目錄···v
圖目錄···vii
第一章 緒論···1
1.1 前言···1
1.2 文獻回顧···1
1.3 研究目的與方法···3
1.4 論文架構···4
第二章 實驗設備與軟體介紹···5
2.1 實驗設備介紹···5
2.1.1 主軸迴轉精度分析系統···5
2.1.2 衆程ESG-3280動柱式高精密平面磨床···6
2.2 軟體介紹···7
2.2.1 SolidWork···7
2.2.2 Ansys Workbench···7
2.2.3 Spindle Error Analyzer···8
第三章 動柱式平面磨床熱溫升及熱變形分析···9
3.1 有限元素法原理···9
3.2 模型簡化···12
3.3 主軸分析···14
3.3.1 主軸群組化···14
3.3.2 主軸材料及參數設定···15
3.3.3 主軸網格建立···16
3.3.4 主軸邊界條件設定及結果顯示···16
3.3.5 主軸熱-固耦合分析之邊界條件設定及結果顯示···20
3.4 最高切削點的整機分析···22
3.4.1 最高切削點的整機前處理設定及結果顯示···22
3.4.2 最高切削點的整機熱-固耦合分析之邊界條件設定及結果顯示···28
3.5 常用工作區的整機分析···31
3.5.1 常用工作區的整機前處理設定及結果顯示···31
3.5.2 常用工作區的整機熱-固耦合分析之邊界條件設定及結果顯示···37
3.5.3 常用工作區的整機暫態分析···39
第四章 動柱式平面磨床熱溫升及熱變形實驗驗證···42
4.1 溫度感測器點位配置···42
4.2 四小時最高轉速熱溫升及熱變形趨勢···44
4.3 實驗與分析比對···46
第五章 結論及未來展望···48
5.1 結論···48
5.2 未來展望···48
參考文獻···50
Extended Abstract···52

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