臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

受益於無人機科技的進步，使得無人機可以快速地在天空中提供各種服務，例如空中攝影、搜救任務、無線網路服務等。近年來，無人機基地台的應用越來越普及，無人機基地台的位置部署對於地面上的使用者所能得到的傳輸速率和無人機所能涵蓋的範圍息息相關。現今有關於無人機基地台部署的研究成果都需要使用者的位置資訊，而我們提出的動態部署無人機基地台的方法，使有最小傳輸速率的使用者的傳輸速率最大化，並不需要使用者的位置資訊。首先，我們從調速機制中取得無線頻道的狀態資訊，即所預估的使用者的傳輸速率，以應用於我們所提出的具有效率且使無人機低位移距離的啟發式演算法來解決無人機基地台的部署問題。最後，我們利用自由空間裡的傳播模型來模擬，並且利用無人機基地台預先蒐集無線傳輸的真實資料來完成軌跡驅動的模擬。

The advance of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology makes it be able to provide fast aerial service, like taking videos, search and rescue missions, wireless services, etc. UAV base station (UAV-BS) applications become more and more popular in recent years. The placement of UAV-BS is important for area coverage and network throughput of ground users. The current works of UAV-BS placement need to know the locations of ground users. In this work, we proposed a dynamic placement method of UAV-BS to maximize the minimum throughput of ground users without the knowledge of their locations. First, we extract and utilize the wireless channel condition information, the measured throughput of each ground user, from a rate adaptation mechanism. Then, we propose an efficient heuristic placement algorithm with low traversing distance. Last, we obtain simulation results using the free path loss model and trace-driven emulation results using real data collected by a UAV-BS in a real environment

摘 要 i
Abstract iii
Contents vi
List of Figures viii
List of Tables ix
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 UAV-BS placement problem 1
1.2 Real world circumstances 2
1.3 Rate adaptation with Minstrel 2
1.4 Proposed dynamic placement algorithm 3
1.5 Contribution 3
Chapter 2 Related Work 5
Chapter 3 Proposed Dynamic UAV-BS Placement for Max-min Fairness Algorithm 8
3.1 Experiment settings for case studies 8
3.2 Case studies and findings 10
3.3 Problem statement and goal 12
3.4 UAV-BS system architecture 13
3.5 Solution 14
Chapter 4 Evaluation 17
4.1 Ideal environment 18
4.2 Real environment 20
Chapter 5 Conclusion and Future Work 22
5.1 Conclusion 22
5.2 Future work 22
Bibliography 23

[1] Moradi, Mehrdad & Sundaresan, Karthikeyan & Chai, Eugene & Rangarajan, Sampath & Mao, Zhuoqing. (2018). SkyCore: Moving Core to the Edge for Untethered and Reliable UAV-based LTE Networks. 10.1145/3241539.3241549.
[2] I. Bor-Yaliniz, A. El-Keyi, and H. Yanikomeroglu, “Efficient 3-D placement of an aerial base station in next generation cellular networks,” in IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), May 2016, pp. 1–5.
[3] E. Kalantari, H. Yanikomeroglu, and A. Yongacoglu, “On the number and 3D placement of drone base stations in wireless cellular networks,” in IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, Sep. 2016, pp. 1–6
[4] Rate Adaptation for 802.11 Wireless Networks: Minstrel http://blog.cerowrt.org/papers/minstrel-sigcomm-final.pdf
[5] Minstrel:https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/developers/documentation/mac80211/ratecontrol/minstrel
[6] Y. Zeng, R. Zhang and T. J. Lim, "Wireless communications with unmanned aerial vehicles: opportunities and challenges," in IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 54, no. 5, pp. 36-42, May 2016.
[7] Facebook Project Aquila. https://goo.gl/gHYVa7
[8] Google X: Project Loon. https://goo.gl/skSz1z
[9] I.Bor-Yaliniz, A.El-Keyi, and H. Yanikomeroglu, “Spatial configurationof agile wireless networks with drone-BSs and user-in-the-loop,” toappear in IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. PP, no. 99, pp. 1–1
[10] I. Bor-Yaliniz and H. Yanikomeroglu, “The new frontier in RAN heterogeneity: Multi-tier drone-cells,” IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 54, no. 11, pp. 48–55, Nov. 2016
[11] M. Mozaffari, W. Saad, M. Bennis, and M. Debbah, “Drone small cells in the clouds: Design, deployment and performance analysis,” in Proc. IEEE Glob. Commun. Conf. (GLOBECOM), San Diego, CA, USA, Dec. 2015, pp. 1–6
[12] S. Park, H. Kim, K. Kim, and H. Kim, “Drone formation algorithm on 3D space for a drone-based network infrastructure,” in IEEE An nual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), 2016, pp. 1–6
[13] J. Lyu, Y. Zeng, R. Zhang, and T. J. Lim, “Placement optimization of UAV-mounted mobile base stations,” IEEE Commun. Lett., vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 604–607, Mar. 2017
[14] N. Rupasinghe, A. S. Ibrahim, and I. Guvenc, “Optimum hovering locations with angular domain user separation for cooperative UAV networks,” in IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), Dec. 2016, pp. 1–6.
[15] N. Rupasinghe, A. S. Ibrahim, and I. Guvenc, “Optimum hovering locations with angular domain user separation for cooperative UAV networks,” in IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), Dec. 2016, pp. 1–6.
[16] J. Komerl and A. Vilhar, “Base stations placement optimization in wireless networks for emergency communications,” in IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC), June 2014, pp. 200– 205.
[17] A. Merwaday and I. Guvenc, “UAV assisted heterogeneous networks for public safety communications,” in IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshops (WCNCW), Mar. 2015, pp. 329–334.
[18] A. M. Hayajneh, S. A. R. Zaidi, D. C. McLernon, and M. Ghogho, “Drone empowered small cellular disaster recovery networks for resilient smart cities,” in IEEE International Conference on Sensing, Communication and Networking (SECON Workshops), Dec. 2016, pp. 1–6.
[19] M. Narang, W. Liu, J. Gutierrez, and L. Chiaraviglio, “A cyber physical buses-and-drones mobile edge infrastructure for large scale disaster emergency communications,” in IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops (ICDCSW), 2017, pp. 53– 60.
[20] 802.11n MCS index: https://bit.ly/2L9sjf
[21] Up2:https://up-board.org/upsquared/specifications/
[22] DJI Matrice 100:https://www.dji.com/tw/matrice100
[23] AR9380: https://wikidevi.com/files/Atheros/specsheets/AR9380.pdf
[24] Ath9k: https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/drivers/ath9k
[25] iperf3 : https://software.es.net/iperf/
[26] FSPL model: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-space_path_loss