臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

太陽能路燈系統已經普遍使用於許多開發中國家，應用在新開闢都會市區道路中，具有高度經濟性。本論文研究一種市電併聯太陽能高強度氣體放電路燈系統：太陽能電池在日間對蓄電池充電，採用所提出的SEPIC太陽能充電器，在太陽能電池電壓大範圍變動下，依然可以達到高最大功率點追蹤準確度以及高充電效率；在夜間，儲存於蓄電池內的能量藉由電子安定器電路來驅動路燈。為了避免電池過度放電，一種耦合電感SEPIC 功率因數修正轉換器從交流市電端繼續提供電能，市電端具有高輸入功因特性。對於本文所研究採用邊界模式功率因數修正控制IC L6561之功率因數修正電路，不需傳統邊界模式功率因數修正電路中所需的大輸入濾波器。本論文所提出的太陽能高強度放電路燈系統，具有高功率密度、簡單電路以及長使用壽命等優點，文中並詳細分析及討論其電路工作原理及設計考量，一部雛型電路被實現與測試，其實驗結果與電磁干擾設計驗證了所提出方法的可行性。

The photovoltaic (PV) street lighting systems have been used in many developing countries. They are highly economical when used in newly-built urban road sections. This dissertation presents a grid-tied PV high-intensity-discharge (HID) street lighting system. During daytime, the battery is charged by a PV panel. With the proposed Single-ended Primary Inductance Converter (SEPIC) PV charger, high maximum power point tracking (MPPT) accuracy and high efficiency battery charging can be achieved under a wide range of PV panel voltage variation. At night, the solar energy stored in the battery is released to drive the street lights by an electronic ballast circuit. A coupled inductor SEPIC power factor correction (PFC) converter is also used to draw energy from the AC-line utility to prevent the battery from over-discharging. High input power factor can be achieved at the AC-line utility side. Large input filter in a conventional transition mode (TM) PFC circuit is not needed for the studied PFC circuit using a TM PFC control IC L6561. The proposed PV HID street lighting system has the advantages of high power density, simple circuit, and long lifetime. The operating principles and design considerations for the proposed lighting system are described and analyzed in details. Experimental results and electromagnetic interference (EMI) designsfor a laboratory prototype are shown to verify the feasibility of the proposed method.
Keywords：Photovoltaic High-Intensity-Discharge Street Lighting System, Single-Ended Primary Inductance Converter, Maximum Power Point Tracking, Electronic Ballast, Power Factor Correction, Electromagnetic Interference

摘 要 I
Abstract II
誌 謝 III
目 錄 IV
符 號 索 引 VI
圖 目 錄 XVIII
表 目 錄 XXIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究方法與架構 2
1.3 論文內容大綱 4
第二章 太陽能電池與最大功率點追蹤技術 6
2.1 太陽能發電系統概論 6
2.2 太陽能電池簡介 8
2.2.1 太陽能電池原理 8
2.2.2 太陽能電池電氣特性 11
2.2.3 太陽能電池種類 13
2.3 最大功率點追蹤技術 19
第三章 電量檢測與充電策略 26
3.1 鉛酸電池簡介 26
3.2 電量檢測方法 28
3.3 常用充電策略 31
3.4 混合雙模式充電策略 35
第四章 高強度放電燈特性 41
4.1 氣體放電燈發光原理 41
4.2 HID燈發光特性 42
4.3 音頻共振現象 44
4.4 HID燈電氣特性 45
第五章 系統架構與硬體電路設計 48
5.1 整體系統之架構 48
5.2 太陽能充電電路 49
5.3 數位電子安定器電路 54
5.4 市電供電模式 61
5.5 週邊電路設計 65
第六章 數位化控制系統 69
6.1 系統控制流程 69
6.2 充電模式控制 75
6.3 放電模式控制 86
6.4 市電供電模式控制 94
第七章 實驗結果與討論 96
7.1 最大功率追蹤與混合雙模式充電 97
7.2 高強度放電燈數位電子安定器 105
7.3 SEPIC功率因數修正轉換器 111
第八章 電磁干擾雜訊量測與抑制 114
8.1 電磁相容簡介 114
8.2 傳導性電磁干擾 115
8.3 輻射性電磁干擾 117
8.4 電磁干擾分析與設計 119
8.5 電磁干擾量測與結果 122
第九章 結論與未來展望 130
9.1 結論 130
9.2 未來展望 131
參 考 文 獻 134

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