臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

目的：本研究探討男子青少年田徑選手身體組成及體能因子與20公尺衝刺速度之相關，並利用迴歸分析找出能預測20公尺衝刺表現的因子。方法：研究對象為92位男子青少年田徑選手，平均年齡為16.3±0.8歲，平均身高為172.2±5.8公分，平均體重為64.3±10.9公斤，平均身體質量指數為21.7±3公斤/公尺2。每位選手分別進行10項測量，包括身高、體重和體脂率及肌肉率等身體組成分析，垂直跳、六角敏捷、坐姿體前彎及棒式支撐等體能因子的測量，及20公尺衝刺表現。測量數據以SPSS18.0中文版統計軟體進行描述性統計、皮爾森積差相關，及多元逐步迴歸分析，統計顯著水準訂為α=.05。結果：相關分析顯示20公尺衝刺表現與8項因子呈現顯著性相關，逐步迴歸分析則選入垂直跳、脂肪率、年紀、棒式支撐4個因子變項作為可預測20公尺衝刺表現的依據，其解釋變異量R2分別為41.5%、10.1%、3.4%和2.1%，累計的解釋變異量為57.1%。結論：20公尺衝刺表現的最佳預測因子為垂直跳，這可能是因為垂直跳強調下肢的爆發力與力量，測驗中的快速抬腿與向後推蹬的動作，都可以推測這些特性與爆發力及下肢力量息息相關，此外，本研究所測量之身體組成及體能因子並不能夠完全預測20公尺衝刺的表現，這可能是因為衝刺表現牽扯到其他身體上的因素如神經與肌肉的控制等。因此，速度在眾多的體能因子中有其獨特的重要性，無法運用其他因子代替。

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the correlations of anthropometric and fitness factors with 20 meter sprint time of young male track and field athletes. In addition, a multiple regression analysis was conducted to decide the predictors of the 20 meter sprint performance.
Methods: 92 male track and field athletes (age, 16.3 ± 0.8 years; height, 172.2 ± 5.8 cm; body mass, 64.3 ± 10.9 kg; body mass index, 21.7 ± 3 kg/m2) were recruited from junior and senior high schools. Each of them was subjected to a series of measurements including stature, weight, body fat, vertical jump, flexibility, agility, core strength and 20 meter sprint. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation and stepwise multiple regression by using PASW Statistics (18.0), and the significance level α was set at 0.05.
Results: The 20-meter sprint time was significantly and positively correlated with all the measured values except the height and core strength. The stepwise regression analysis selected the vertical jump, body fat, age and core strength as predictors and the explained variance R2 were 41.5%, 10.1%, 3.4% and 2.1%, respectively. The 4 predictors contributed 57.1% variance to the 20-meter sprint.
Conclusion: The strongest predictor of the 20 meter sprint is vertical jump. This indicates short distance running demand high power of the lower limbs. Nonetheless, the 4 predictors combined can’t fully explain the variance of 20-meter sprint. Other factors may affect the performance of short distance running. It is suggested that the 20-meter sprint may not be alternatively substituted by other tests in assessing the fitness of young athletes.

目次
目次 Ⅰ
圖目錄 Ⅲ
表目錄 Ⅳ
附件 Ⅳ
中文摘要 Ⅴ
英文摘要 Ⅵ
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 5
第三節 研究問題與假設 6
第四節 研究限制 7
第五節 名詞解釋 8
第二章 文獻探討 10
第一節 速度的相關研究 10
第二節 爆發力的相關研究 13
第三節 柔軟度的相關研究 16
第四節 核心肌群的相關研究 18
第五節 敏捷的相關研究 21
第六節 結論 24
第三章 研究方法 26
第一節 研究架構與流程 26
第二節 研究對象 28
第三節 研究工具與測量方法 29
第四節 資料處理與分析 38
第四章 實驗結果 39
第一節 研究參與者基本資料 39
第二節 20公尺衝刺與身體組成及各項體能因子之相關分析 41
第三節 20公尺衝刺與身體組成及各項體能因子之迴歸分析 43
第五章 討論 44
第六章 結論與建議 50
第一節 結論 50
第二節 建議 51
參考文獻 52
中文部分 52
英文部分 54

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