臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

現今，網際網路已然成為我們生活中不可或缺的一部份，網際網路協定(Internet Protocol, IP)為目前網路最普遍的協定。在一般的網路架構底下，資料封包傳輸是經由網路中的各個路由器來判斷封包的網際網路位址而繞送到目的地。而隨著科技發展，網路需要處理的資訊及多媒體資料快速的增長，使得路由器的處理負荷變大，也會讓網路變得更壅塞。因此，提供更快速的資訊傳輸網路是必須的。近年來，多重通訊協定標籤交換(Multi-Protocol Label Switching, MPLS)技術被視為改善網際網路效能的好方法，路由器在處理封包時不需要拆解封包到網路層，簡化了路由器的轉送功能，使得處理時間可以縮短許多。
在這篇論文中，我們提出了一個架構用來實現光學的多重通訊協定標籤交換技術，此架構利用頻域振幅編碼(Spectral-Amplitude Coding)光分碼多工技術結合標籤堆疊技術來產生光學標籤，並添加到資料封包上，每個路由器只要判斷封包的標籤來進行快速封包交換，藉以提升封包傳輸的效能。在系統效能分析方面，我們著重在標籤辨識(Label recognition)的部分，考慮了相位引發強度雜訊(Phase-Induced Intensity Noise, PIIN)與熱雜訊(Thermal Noise)對標籤判斷造成的錯誤率。研究結果顯示，隨著堆疊的標籤數增加，標籤錯誤率亦會增大。而要達到更好的錯誤率，我們需要透過使用較大的碼長來編碼標籤。

Nowadays, internet has become an indispensable part of our life. Internet protocol (IP) is the general protocol in the network. In classical IP network, the data packet is routed to the destination according to its IP address at each router. With the development of technique, the processing load of router becomes huge since the rapid increasing of information and multimedia data. To provide large number of clients searching for high-quality applications, evolvement of internet with faster information transportation is needed. Recent years, multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) presents an answer. It simplifies the forwarding function of routers. Since the label de-composition in network layer is averted, great processing delay is shortened at each node.
In this thesis, we propose a structure for achieving optical MPLS. This structure uses spectral-amplitude coding optical code-division multiple-access (SAC-OCDMA) and label stacking techniques to generate the optical labels and be added to data packet. Each router implements fast label switching by recognizing the stacking labels only. In analyzing the system performance, we emphasize the part of label recognition. We have considered the effects of thermal noise and phase-induced intensity noise (PIIN) which causing the bit error rate of label recognition. The results show that when the number of stacking labels increase, the BER will become large. If we want to achieve better BER, the bigger code length for generating optical labels is need.

中文摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝(Acknowledgment) iii
CONTENTS iv
LIST OF TABLES vi
LIST OF FIGURES vii
Chapter 1 Introduction 9
1.1 The Concept of Internet 10
1.1.1 The Protocol Hierarchies of Network. 10
1.1.2 The Data Encapsulation and Decapsulation 12
1.2 Packet Routing 14
1.3 The Motivation of Our Research 15
1.4 Thesis Preview 16
Chapter 2 Multi-Protocol Label Switching 17
2.1 The Concept of MPLS 17
2.1.1 The Composing of MPLS Network 18
2.1.2 Label Assignment and Distribution 20
2.1.3 Data Packet Transmission in MPLS Network 24
2.2 The Development of MPLS 26
2.2.1 Virtual Circuit (VC) Network 26
Chapter 3 Overview on Optical CDMA 30
3.1 Optical CDMA Techniques 30
3.2 Spectral Amplitude Coding OCDMA System 32
3.3 Arrayed Waveguide Grating 34
3.4 OCDMA Network Coding 37
3.4.1 Maximal-Length Sequence (M-Sequence) codes 37
3.4.2 AWG-based configuration with M-sequence codes 39
Chapter 4 System Structure and Simulation Setup 43
4.1 Optical MPLS with SAC Labels 43
4.2 System Structure Design 46
4.3 Simulation Setup of Optical Label Switching 49
Chapter 5 Simulation Results and Discussions 54
5.1 Interference Limit 54
5.2 System Performance 56
5.3 Numerical Results 61
Chapter 6 Conclusions 65
References 66

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