臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

糖尿病是由於胰島素分泌不足或其無法作用所形成的內分泌疾病，其形成原因複雜，因此目前無切確的成因。近年由於飲食精緻化，導致糖尿病患於全球人口有逐年攀升的趨勢，並且有年輕化的現象。有研究指出，糖尿病的形成可能是由於基因與生活形態所造成，如久坐少動的習慣及能量過剩的情況，在這些因子交互作用之下便造成胰島素阻抗現象，如無及時改善，最終將形成第二型糖尿病。研究樹豆根酒精萃取物餵食正常大鼠與餵食MGO導致胰島素阻抗的大鼠進行比較。研究針對樹豆根酒萃物降血糖的功能評估，在大鼠餵食樹豆根酒萃物後跟只有傷害組是否有顯著性的差異。設計實驗為餵食大鼠甲基乙二醛劑量 (MGO:500 mg/kg bw)來誘導胰島素阻抗，進行84天。葡萄糖耐量試驗(oral glucose tolerance test,OGTT) 進行動物葡萄糖耐量試驗OGTT方法是將大鼠禁食 12 h後，測其空腹血糖值，在將老鼠以管餵方式灌食葡萄糖水( 2g/kg bw)及樣品後，測定 30、60、90及120分鐘血糖之變化。胰島素耐量試驗（insulin tolerance,ITT）試驗為將大鼠禁食4小時後，測定空腹血糖，再以腹腔注射方式給予胰島素(0.5 U/kg bw)，然後測定30、60、90及120分鐘時血糖之變化，以探討動物對胰島素之敏感性。在ITT試驗，傷害組很明顯的對胰島素已經不敏感了因為給予MGO已破壞胰臟B細胞，所以血糖起伏幅度很平緩，代表給予MGO餵食是有糖尿病的跡象了。結果顯示已餵食樹豆根酒萃物不同劑量下，高劑量組下降的最為顯著，高劑量下降最多效果最好，而GOT、GPT、LDL、BUN、CHOL、TG等數值，跟以上跟傷害組及正控制組比較，均有顯著性的下降。

Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. root cooked with the ribs can cure diabetes is recognized an aboriginal traditional therapies. Previous studies known after a series of separation and purification from ethanol extract of Cajanus cajan root was obtained Betulinic acid, biochanin A, 5,2'-dihydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyisoflavanone (cajanol), genistein, 2'-hydroxygenistein and other differences flavonoids. Many studies have confirmed the above components such as: genistein has excellent antioxidant capacity and the ability to inhibit the decomposition of carbohydrates. We investigated whether ethanol extracts of Cajanus cajan roots (EECR) could protect against methylglyoxal (MGO; 500 mg/kg bw)-induced insulin resistance (IR) in male Wistar rats between days 1 to 83. Rats treated with MGO were used to examine the hypoglycemic effects of EECR on IR. The rats were divided into six groups and orally supplemented with MGO except for group 1 (normal controls). Group 3 was orally supplemented with Metformin (MET;10 mg/kg bw), group 4 with EECR-L (10 mg/kg bw), group 5 with HIP EECR-M (50 mg/kg bw), and group 6 with EECR-H (100 mg/kg bw). MET and EECR were provided daily between days 31 to 83 in rats. Oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) and insulin tolerance (ITT）tests were carried out on days 77 and 78, respectively. The results indicated that body weights, water and food intake for each group revealed no significant difference. In insulin tolerance tests (ITT), serum glucose levels of MGO-treated group was slightly change (approximately 100 mg/ml) (no insulin sensitivity) after intraperitoneal injection of insulin, while serum glucose level was significantly decreased (P <0.05) in EECR-treated rats, the effects were comparable MET groups (MET is a known hypoglycemic drugs). Blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as well as serum insulin, glycation end products (AGEs) of MGO-treated groups were higher than that of blank groups. EECR significantly decreased those hyperglycemic index induced by MGO. In addition, EECR also dose dependently decreased serum biochemical index (such as, GOT, GPT, CHOL, LDL, TG), TBARS content and increased SOD activity. MGO can induce IR (increase the insulin and blood sugar level) in rats, whereas EECR could inhibit AGEs formation by reducing oxidative stress, so as to improve IR and lowering blood sugar. Thus, EECR has the potential to become a useful hypoglycemic agent for diabetic mellitus.

封面內頁
簽名頁
中文摘要 iii
英文摘要 v
誌謝 viiiii
目錄 viiiiii
圖目錄 xi
表目錄 xii
縮寫表 xiii
1. 緒論 1
2. 文獻回顧 2
2.1 樹豆之簡介 2
2.1.1樹豆各部位的生理活性 5
2.1.2樹豆根的生理活性與活性成分 6
2.2 糖尿病 7
2.2.1糖尿病的分類 7
2.2.2糖尿病的診斷 9
2.2.3糖尿病的併發症 10
2.2.4糖尿病的治療 10
3. 研究架構與目錄....................................................................................10
4.材料與方法 14
4.1實驗材料 14
4.1.1實驗藥品 14
4.1.2實驗儀器與設備 15
4.2實驗方法 14
4.2.1樣品製備 17
4.2.2降血糖評估試驗 17
4.2.2.1 葡萄糖耐受性試驗 (OGTT) 17
4.2.2.2 胰島素耐受性試驗 (ITT) 17
4.2.3 八十四天餵食樹豆根試驗 18
4.2.3.1 飼養情形 18
4.2.3.2 動物犧牲 18
4.2.3.3 檢驗項目 18
4.2.4 脂質過氧化試驗 (TBARS) 21
4.2.5 超氧化物歧化酶活性試驗 (SOD) 22
4.2.6 殼胱甘肽 (GSH/GSSG assay) 22
4.2.7 胰島素(Insulin) 23
4.2.8 統計分析 23
5.1結果與討論 24
5.1.1 EECR對大鼠之葡萄糖耐受性試驗的影響 26
5.1.2 EECR對大鼠之胰島素耐受性試驗的影響 29
5.2 樹豆根酒精萃取物毒性餵食試驗 29
5.2.1 體重成長 25
5.2.2 尿液生化 32
5.2.3 臟器重量分析 33
5.2.4 血液生化分析 35
5.3 餵食EECR對大鼠肝臟之脂質過氧化物含量影響 46
5.4 餵食EECR對大鼠肝臟之超氧化物歧化酶含量影響 46
5.5 餵食EECR對大鼠肝臟之麩胱甘肽含量影響 46
5.6 餵食EECR對大鼠血清胰島素之含量影響 46
6.結論 47
參考文獻 48

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