臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於飛機在停機坪內準備要離場時，不能自行倒退向後滑行，需要靠牽引車來將飛機由停機坪中後推至滑行道，為了避免造成飛機與飛機之間的衝突碰撞，飛機需要執行後推作業時，需要獲得塔台管制員的核准，才能開始進行後推。本研究將重點放在機場後推作業的指派，來增加其機場的作業效率。而塔台管制員要如何決定哪一架飛機能夠進行後推作業的順序指派是相當重要的一環，如果指派的順序不佳，可能會造成後推路徑、滑行路徑上有其他架飛機阻礙，影響其移動，而導致航班離場的延遲，使得飛機在場場內消耗過多燃料，空氣污染增加，也會造成乘客的負面情緒，造成航空公司不必要的成本。
本研究以松山機場為研究目標，深入了解松山機場作業特性，以及塔台管制員對於航班後推順序指派的依據，並且透過實際的後推作業，了解後推作業在時間上是否與其他因素關聯，且研擬出適合的指派策略，期望提高後推作業效率。
實地前往台北松山機場進行田野調查，將飛機後推作業的各項時間依照階段性、停機坪位置、機型分類記錄下來，使用Arena軟體對調查資料進行分配模式之分析，並且使用Arena中模組系統建構模擬機場作業系統，以及建議兩種後推指派策略的模擬系統，再將分配模式之分析結果套入至模擬系統當中，來對真實機場進行評估
研究結果顯示兩種策略皆能夠縮短後推作業時間，提升後推效率，不過以統計方法檢定來看，對於實際機場後推作業系統沒有明顯差異，此研究建構之模擬系統，對於航班不多的機場可能沒有太大的影響，未來有機會以忙碌機場為目標，可能會有較好結果。

Since the aircraft is not ready to leave backwards when it is ready to leave the apron, it is necessary to rely on the tractor to push the aircraft from the apron to the taxiway. In order to avoid collision between the aircraft and the aircraft, the aircraft needs to be executed. When pushing back the job, it needs to be approved by the tower controller to start pushing back. This study will focus on the assignment of post-flight operations at the airport to increase the efficiency of its airport operations. How the tower controller decides which aircraft can carry out the sequence assignment of the post-push operation is a very important part. If the order of assignment is not good, it may cause hindrance paths and other aircraft obstacles on the taxi path, affecting them. The delay in moving, which leads to the departure of the flight, causes the aircraft to consume too much fuel in the field, and the increase in air pollution will also cause negative emotions for passengers, resulting in unnecessary costs for the airline.
This study takes Songshan Airport as the research objective, and deeply understands the operation characteristics of Songshan Airport, as well as the basis of the tower controller's assignment of flight post-pushing order, and through the actual post-pushing operation, whether the post-pushing operation is related to other factors in time. And to develop a suitable assignment strategy, it is expected to improve the efficiency of the pushback operation.
Field trip to Taipei Songshan Airport for field investigation, recording the time of the aircraft after the operation according to the stage, apron location, model classification, using the Arena software to analyze the distribution data of the survey data, and use the Arena module The system constructs a simulated airport operating system, and proposes a simulation system with two post-push assignment strategies, and then integrates the analysis results of the distribution model into the simulation system to evaluate the real airport.
The research results show that both strategies can shorten the post-pushing time and improve the post-push efficiency. However, in terms of statistical method verification, there is no significant difference between the actual airport post-push operating system. The simulation system constructed in this study is not much for flights. The airport may not have much impact, and the opportunity to have a busy airport in the future may have better results.

謝辭 I
摘要 II
英文摘要 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 3
1.3 研究範圍 3
1.4 研究方法與流程 5
第二章 文獻回顧 7
2.1 機場地面系統管理 7
2.2 控制後推流量流速 10
2.3 指派後推作業時間窗 (TIME WINDOW) 12
第三章 後推作業規範與實務調查 13
3.1 解析飛機後推作業 13
3.2 空中交通管制 14
3.2.1 管制員分類 14
3.2.2 飛航管制作業 15
3.3 臺北松山機場場內規範與特性 16
3.3.1 臺北松山機場簡介 16
3.3.2 松山機場停機坪安全管理規定 20
3.3.3 松山機場作業特性 21
第四章 松山機場調查報告分析 25
4.1 松山機場塔台實地調查 25
4.2 資料分析 27
4.2.1 不同階段分析 28
4.2.2 同機型各階段分析 29
4.2.3 不同停機坪各階段分析 31
4.3 分析結論 33
第五章 機場後推作業系統模擬 34
5.1 ARENA簡介 34
5.2 松山機場後推作業現況模擬系統之建構 35
5.2.1 實證資料輸入 36
5.2.2 現況模擬系統之建構 38
5.2.3 模式確認與有效性 49
5.3 建議指派策略 51
5.3.1 依停機坪位置優先順序指派 51
5.3.2 先到先後推後依停機坪位置指派策略 58
5.4 建議後推指派策略比較 64
第六章 結論與建議 66
6.1 結論 66
6.2 建議 67
參考文獻 68
附錄一 現況模擬系統模組 70
附錄二 停機坪位置優先順序指派策略模組 71
附錄三 先到先後推後依停機坪位置指派策略之模組 72

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