臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

現今機房中資料中心伺服器群的功率消耗，是個很重要的綠色環保議題。本篇論文以量測實驗證明，於單部實體伺服器情況下，在可容許虛擬機器數量上限內所配置數量愈接近上限，則消耗功率會平衡在一定程度所分配之虛擬機器數量，且觀察到所建立之虛擬機器數目與個別虛擬機器的中央處理器功耗呈現反比的趨勢，因此能使用之虛擬機器數量愈接近上限對功耗利用愈有效率，並且將量測結果分析不同硬體之實體伺服器，得知設備等級愈好的實體伺服器要先被用掉，對實體伺服器之使用數量能達到最低。所以本論文根據量測情況之分析結果，作為虛擬機器佈署基礎，提出PEVCD （Power-Efficient Virtual Cluster Deployment）方法來有效佈署虛擬機器，該方法於使用者申請增加虛擬機器需求情況下，能源效率較好的實體伺服器將會被優先佈署。為了驗證方法的效能，摸擬企業用戶及一般使用者，於三種異質性機房環境下執行佈署虛擬機器，實驗證明使用PEVCD方法來佈署虛擬機器皆可達到虛擬機器總功耗最少，及實體伺服器的使用數量最小之結果。

Virtualization and scalability of resource management has become an important subject in cloud computing. In this study, the relationship between CPU power consumption of virtual machines and the number of virtual machines is analyzed. A power prediction model for optimizing resource allocation in virtualized environments has been also developed. Our study shows that the number of virtual machine running on a physical host is inversely proportional to the CPU power consumption of each virtual machine. In addition, different hardware specifications were tested to verify the correctness of the proposed models. In the preliminary analysis, power consumption of virtual machines under different circumstances, such as physical machine loading as well as quantity of virtual machines, is completely reported. According to these preliminary tests, we proposed an algorithm named PEVCD (Power-Efficient Virtual Cluster Deployment), a power efficient strategy for deploying virtual clusters. PEVCD is proved applicable for enterprise, scientific applications and individual requirements, and presents significant improvement in terms of power consumption, resulting in reduce of the usage of physical resources and energy loss of virtual clusters.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 研究目的 1
1.2 研究動機 1
1.3 論文架構 2
第2章 文獻回顧 3
第3章 初步分析與研究架構 10
3.1 功率理論 10
3.2 硬體相關 11
3.3 測試工具及方法 14
3.4 虛擬機器環境 15
第4章 能源模型 18
4.1 記憶體模型 18
4.2 中央處理器利用率模型 22
4.3 功耗模型 25
第5章 虛擬機器佈署 30
5.1 平衡佈署 33
5.2 低功耗佈署 36
第6章 分析與討論 43
6.1 耗電計算 43
6.2 摸擬實驗結果 46
第7章 結論與未來研究方向 57
參考文獻 58

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