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監獄管理人員之工作對象特殊,從白領階級到角頭老大應有盡有;工 作危險性高、責任繁重,且其社會地位與形象被嚴重扭曲與醜化;薪俸在 所有執法人員中又屬最低。在此缺乏安全感、工作壓力極大的環境下,難 免面臨許多壓力與適應問題。統計資料顯示,自民國八十年至八十三年間 ,各監所委任管理員共晉用二0三人,但離職與辭職人數卻達四七九人。 雇用管理人員晉用二五二六人,離職與辭職人數達四八七人。如此嚴重的 人員流失,值得擔憂。 此外,根據國外學者Cheek 和Miller(1983)對於紐澤西矯正機構管 理人員的研究中指出,管理人員有著很大的壓力,平均壽命僅有五十九歲 ,且其壓力更甚於被列為高壓力行業之警察工作。然而,監獄管理人員壓 力與其相關問題之本土研究卻付之闕如。 本研究旨在探討分析個人背景變項與工作壓力及適應之關係,以及工 作壓力對適應之影響,並據以提出具體建議。本論文計分五章,第一章為 緒論,說明本論文之研究動機與目的、研究範圍與名詞界家。第二章為文 獻探討,分別敘述工作壓力的普遍性、壓力源、影響壓力源之仲裁變項、 工作壓力各方面之適應,以及監獄管理人員工作壓力相關文獻之探討。第 三章為研究方法與過程,建構本論文之研究架構、研究假設、研究樣本、 問卷編製與調查,以及資料分析與處理過程等。以工作本身壓力、組織內 部壓力、外界壓力、個人本身壓力與基本人口特性為自變項,社會支持體 系為中介變項,工作壓力之適應為依變項,進行變異數分析、迴歸分析後 ,產生第四章研究結果之分析與討論。第五章為研究結論,提出本論文之 研究發現、限制,並分別從監獄組織、社會大眾、家庭與個人四方面提出 建議。 摘要 : Prison correctional officers must face varied kinds of inmates; high risk,heavy duty,distorted social status and image,and low pay produce severe tensions and pressures.According to statistics,from 1991 to 1994 , correctional facilities took 203 officers , but the number of shift and resign lived up to 479 offecers.Such a serious personnel loss is worth thinking highly of. Besides , in accordance with the foreign research conducted in New Jersey correctional officers (Cheek and Miller,1983) ,the life expectancy of a correctional officer is 59 years , compared to the national average of 75 years. Moreover ,the researchers found that correctional officer stress was higher than police who had already been identified as one of the most stressed occupational groups. However,we still lack the study about prison correctional officers in the Republic of China. This thesis consists of five chapters . The first chapter con- tains the statement of the problem , the motive and purpose of the study.The second chapter describes review of literature. The third chapter is methodology and process , including sample selection, research design,research instrument,and data collection. The forth chapter gets findings through data analyses which includes Factor Analysis,One-Way ANOVA,and Multiple Regression.The last chapter is conclusions , limitations , and recommendations bases on research findings.
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