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研究生:王美秀
研究生(外文):Mei-Hsiu Wang
論文名稱:地區劣勢、高齡友善社會參與環境、與糖尿病死亡率之相關因素:生態研究
論文名稱(外文):Relationships among Area Deprivation, Age Friendly Social Environment, and Diabetes Mortality:An Ecological Study
指導教授:李佳綺李佳綺引用關係
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:中國醫藥大學
系所名稱:醫務管理學系碩士班
學門:商業及管理學門
學類:醫管學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2018
畢業學年度:106
語文別:中文
論文頁數:67
中文關鍵詞:糖尿病死亡率、地區劣勢、社會參與環境、生態研究
外文關鍵詞:Diabetes mortality、Area deprivation、Age friendly environment、Ecological study
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摘要
目的:
在臺灣糖尿病是第五大死因。社會參與有助於健康發展,民眾社會參與行為會受到所處社會參與機會環境之影響。研究也發現糖尿病照護結構、過程與結果跟社會經濟地區劣勢程度有關。但是,目前臺灣沒有此相關性議題的探討分析。故本研究欲檢視地區劣勢、高齡友善社會參與環境密度、與糖尿病死亡率的相關性。
方法:
本研究使用橫斷性研究設計,分析單位為臺灣358個鄉鎮市區,(排除離島),研究期間為2010年至2016年,資料來源為多種公開次級資料,取得以鄉鎮市區層級為主,及輔以縣市層級資料進行分析。採用統計套裝軟體(SPSS22.0)進行描述性統計分析、Kruskal-Wallis test(K-W檢定)、Spearman相關分析、複迴歸及多階層迴歸等進行統計分析。
主要研究發現:
2010年至2016年臺灣每10萬人口糖尿病死亡率平均為373人,最低值為42人(台東縣蘭嶼鄉),最高值為1,005人(屏東縣車城鄉)。複迴歸分析得知,社會經濟越劣勢地區,其高齡友善社會參與環境密度越低;相對於社會經濟最不劣勢的地區,不劣勢(Beta=0.210,P<0.001)、中度劣勢(Beta=0.334,P<0.001)、劣勢(Beta=0.340,P<0.001)與最劣勢地區(Beta=0.434,P<0.001),有比較高的糖尿病死亡率。
結論:
臺灣各鄉鎮市區糖尿病死亡率存在區域不平等,呼籲政府可以從區域社會經濟著手,期以降低各地區社會環境因素導致健康不平等。高齡友善社會參與環境與糖尿病死亡率的相關性有待縱貫性研究釐清因果關係。
關鍵字:糖尿病死亡率、地區劣勢、社會參與環境、生態研究
Abstract
Objective:
In Taiwan, diabetes is the 5th leading cause of death. Social participation can be a positive influence on improving health and well-being. People’s social participation will be affected by the society where they reside. Research has found that an area’s Diabetes care structure, processes and outcomes are distributed based on its economic deprivation level. However, there are currently no related investigations about the issue in Taiwan. Therefore, this study will examine the relationships among area deprivation, age friendly environment and diabetes mortality.
Method:
This study will use an ecological study design, utilizing various publicly available township-level data from 2010 to 2016, supplemented by county (municipality) data where township data are not available. The target areas include 358 townships (excluding Kinmen County and Lienchiang County) in Taiwan. SPSS22.0 software is used to conduct descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlation, Kruskal-Wallis test, multiple regression and multilevel regression analysis.
Results:
Between 2010 and 2016, the average diabetes death rate per 100,000 population in Taiwan was 373. The lowest value was 42 (Lanyu Township, Taitung County), and the highest value 1,005 (Checheng Township, Pingtung County). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that higher deprivation areas, was associated with lower Age friendly social environment density compared to regions with no deprivation. In terms of diabetes death rate, association was also found relating to level of economic deprivation, the following areas are ordered from lowest to highest: No deprivation(Beta=0.210,P<0.001), moderate deprivation(Beta=0.334,P<0.001), deprivation(Beta=0.340,P<0.001), and high deprivation(Beta=0.434,P<0.001).
Conclusion:
There are regional inequalities affecting diabetes mortality rates among various townships in Taiwan. To reduce the social and environmental factors in various regions that lead to health inequality, our government could start with equalizing the regional social economy. However, a longitudinal study is needed to clarify the causality between Age friendly environment density and diabetes mortality.

Key words:
Diabetes mortality, Area deprivation, Age friendly environment, Ecological study
目錄

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究重要性 5
第三節 研究目的 5
第二章 文獻探討 6
第一節 糖尿病流行病學 6
第二節 高齡友善社會參與環境對糖尿病的影響 8
第三節 地區劣勢對高齡友善社會參與環境之影響 20
第四節 其他因素影響 29
第五節 文獻小結 31
第三章 研究設計與方法 32
第一節 資料來源與研究對象 32
第二節 研究架構與研究假說 34
第三節 變項操作型定義 35
第四節 統計分析方法 38
第四章 研究結果 40
第五章 討論 50
第六章 結論與建議 56
參考文獻 59


表目錄
表3-3-1 國、內外地區劣勢指標一覽表 23
表3-3-2 研究變項之操作型定義 35
表4-1-1 描述性統計 42
表4-2-1 相關性檢定 45
表4-2-2 地區劣勢程度與鄉鎮市區基本資料之雙變項分析 46
表4-3-1 高齡友善社會參與環境之複迴歸分析結果 47
表4-3-2 多階層迴歸分析結果 49


圖目錄
圖3- 1 研究架構 34
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