臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究乃針對齒顎矯正時所使用的錨定骨釘在不預先鑽孔的情形下，手術時造成骨釘難以鎖入、費力且易斷裂、鎖緊後易鬆脫等缺點，改變骨釘先端形狀，設計出具有3個切刃的A型、3個自攻絞刃的B型、以及合併兩者的C型三種新型錨定骨釘，並且能夠在CNC瑞士型車床一次加工完成，然後以聚氨酯和代木作實驗驗證是否有所改善，實驗結果顯示，A、B、C三型只有鎖緊所需的最大扭力值較低之外，其他並無明顯改善效果，甚至比原型更差，探討所造成的原因之後，結合原型的優點與A、B、C三型的特徵之後，設計出的D型，其先期固定所需的最大扭力從0.181降至0.092 kgf-cm，固定所需要的轉數也從5圈降至1圈，因此手術時D型錨定骨釘可在不需預先鑽孔的情形下，輕易固定和鎖入顎骨。

The primary purpose of this research work is to design new type of orthodontic anchorage screws. It is usually difficult to screw in the commercialized ones and hard to localized the anchorage screw without pre-drilling during orthodontic surgical operation. There are three types of anchorage screws which are A type with 3 cutting edges, B type with 3 flutes of self-tapping function, and combination both functions of C type were designed and manufactured in the CNC machine center once for all. All of the machined screws were tested with rigid polyurethane foam (base on ASTM F1839) and pig bones. The experimental results indicated that types A, B, and C did not meet the pursuit targets for design purposes. Therefore, a D type based on the advantages of both original type and C type was designed. The experimental data revealed that the maximum twist force was decreased from 0.181 to 0.092 kgf-cm. And the necessary anchoring revolutions for screw were also decreased from 5 to 1, simultaneously. Our conclusion is that it is not necessary to pre-drilling any more by take D type for orthodontic operation.

中文摘要……………………………………………………………………...………i
英文摘要……………………………………………………………………..………..ii
誌謝……………………………………………………………………………..…….iii
目錄………………………………………………………………………...……….iv
表目錄………………………………………………………………………...……….vii
圖目錄……………………………………………………………………….……….ix
第一章 緒論…………………………………………………………………………1
1.1 研究背景………………………………………………………………….1
1.2 研究動機與目標………………………………………………………….2
第二章 文獻回顧……………………………………………………………………4
2.1 齒顎矯正原理…………………………………………………………….4
2.1.1 齒顎矯正…………………………………………………………..4
2.1.2 錨定(Anchorage) ………………………………………………….4
2.1.3 錨定總類與演變…………………………….…………………….4
2.2 錨定骨釘的發展………………………………………………………….5
第三章 設計與製造過程……………………………………………………………7
3.1 原設計樣品(Prototype)製造（P型）……………………………………7
3.1.1 原設計型錨定骨釘………………………...……………………...7
3.1.2 錨定骨釘的加工製造方法…………………………….………….7
3.1.2.1 CNC瑞士型複合式車床………………………….….….7
3.1.2.2 STAR SR20 RⅡ型CNC瑞士型複合式車床…………...8
3.1.2.3 特殊旋削機構………………………………………...….8
3.1.2.4 量測儀器..………………………………………….….... 9
3.1.3 加工流程…………………………………………………………15
3.1.4 尺寸量測與外型檢驗……………………………………………19
3.2 P型錨定骨釘設計缺失與分析………………………………………….21
3.2.1 P型錨定骨釘設計缺失…………………………………………..21
3.2.2 新設計檢討………………………………………………………22
3.2.2.1 分析…………………………………………………….22
3.2.2.2 新設計檢討…………………………………………….23
3.3 錨定骨釘新設計與製造…………………………………….…………..25
3.3.1 新設計類型………………………………………………………25
3.3.1.1 A型設計………………………………………………25
3.3.1.2 B型設計………………………………………………28
3.3.1.3 C型設計………………………………………………31
3.3.2 CNC加工過程……………………………………………………34
3.3.2.1 A型加工程序…………………………………………34
3.3.2.2 B型加工程序…………………………………………35
3.3.2.3 C型加工程序…………………………………………36
3.3.3 成品檢驗…………………………………………………………39
第四章 實驗與驗證………………………………………………………………..43
4.1 實驗設計………………………………………..……………………….43
4.1.1 相關測試規範…………………………………………………..43
4.1.2 實驗材料與工具…………………………………………………44
4.1.3 實驗步驟…………………………………………………………44
4.2 實驗結果與數據…………………………………………………….…..51
4.2.1 Sawbone測試塊測試結果…………………………………….….51
4.2.2代木測試塊測試結果…………………………………………….54
4.3 討論……………………………………………………………………...57第五章 最終設計…………………………………………………………………....60
5.1 D型設計…………………………………………………………………60
5.2 D型加工製造……………………………………………………………64
5.3 D型成品檢驗……………………………………………………………65
5.5 D型設計與P型實驗結果比較…………………………………………66
5.5.1 Sawbone測試塊測試結果………………………………………..66
5.5.2代木測試塊測試結果…………………………………………….69
5.5.3 豬大骨測試結果…………………………………………………72
5.6 討論…………………………………………...……………...………….76
第六章 結論與未來研究的方向……………………………………………………78
6.1結論…………………………………………………………...………….78
6.2 未來研究的方向…………………………………………………...……79

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