參考文獻
一、 英文部分
1.Arthur, W.B.（1989）,“competing technologies, increasing returns, and lock- in byhistorical events,” Economic Journal, Vol.99, No.1.
2.Arthur, W. Brain（1990）, “Positive Feedback in the Economy,” Scientific American, Vol. 262, Feb.
3.Arthur, W. Brain（1994）,“to Increasing Returns and Path Dependence in the Economy,” University of Michigan Press
URL: www.santafe.edu/arthur/Books/I_R_Book.html
4.Arthur, W. Brain（1996）,“Increasing Returns and the New World Business,” Harvard Business Review, July-August
5.Arthur, W. Brain（1997）,“Appraising Microsoft and its Global Strategy,” November 13, URL: www.santafe.edu/arthur/Books/I_R_Book.html
6.Arthur, W. Brain（2000）,“Myths and Realities of the High-Tech Economy,” September 10
URL: www.santafe.edu/arthur/Papers/Pdf_files/ Credit_Suisse_Web.pdf
7.Barry L. Bayus and Venkatesh shankar（2002）, “Network Effects and Competition: An Empirical Analysis of the Home Video Gema Industry,” January
URL: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=296534
8.Brynjolfson, E. and C. Kermerer（1996）, “Network Externalities in Microcomputer Software: An Econometric Analysis of the Spreadsheet Market,” management Science,42(12), pp.259-pp.270
9.Chou,Chien-fu and Oz Shy（1990）, “Network Effect without Network Externalities,” International; Journal of Industrial Organization, 8, 259-270
10.Chou, C. and Oz Shy (1996), “Do Consumers Gain or Lose when More People Buythe Same Brand,” European Journal of Political Economy, 12, 309-330.
11.David, Paul (1985), “Clio and the Economics of QWERTY,” American EconomicReview, 75, 332-337.
12.Economides,N.（1996）, “The Economics of Networks,” International Journal of Industrial Organization, Vol. 14, pp.673-699
13.Economides, Nicholas (1993), “A Monopolist’s Incentive to Invite Competitors to Enter in Telecommunications Service,” in: G. Pogorel ed., Global Telecommunications Services and Technological Changes, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
14.Economides, Nicholas (2001), “The Microsoft Antitrust Case,” Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade: from Theory to Policy, 1, 7-39.
15.Farrell, Joseph and Garth Saloner (1986), “Installed Base and Compatibility,” American Economic Review, 76, 940-955.
16.Farrell, Joseph & Carl Shapiro（1988）,”Dynamic competition with switching costs,” Rand Journal of Economics, Vol. 19, No.1.
17.Farrell, Joseph and Klemperer, Paul (2001), “Coordination and Lock-In: Competition with Switching Costs and Network Effects,” December
URL: http://www.nuff.ox.ac.uk/economics/people/klemperer.htm
18.Katz, M. and Carl Shapiro（1985）, “Network Externalities, Competition, and Compatibility,” American Economic Review, 75,pp.424-440
19.Katz, Michael and Carl Shapiro (1986), “Technology Adoption in the Presence of Network Externalities,” Journal of Political Economy, 94, 822-841.
20.Katz, Michael and Carl Shapiro (1992), “Product Introduction with Network Externalities,” Journal of Industrial Economics, 38, 147-165.
21.Katz, Michael and Carl Shapiro (1994), “System Competition and Network Effects,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 8, 93-115.
22.Liebowitz, Stan J. and Stephen E. Margolis (1994), “Network Externality: An Uncommon Tragedy,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, Volume 8, Number 2, URL:http://wwwpub.utdallas.edu/~liebowit/
23.Liebowitz, Stan J. and Stephen E. Margolis (1996), “Market Processes and theSelection of Standards,” Harvard Journal of Law and Technology, Volume 9, URL:http://wwwpub.utdallas.edu/~liebowit/
24.Liebowitz, Stan J. and Stephen E. Margolis (1998), “Network Effects, Microsoft, and Antitrust Speculation,” October URL:http://wwwpub.utdallas.edu/~liebowit/
25.Liebowitz, Stan J. and Stephen E. Margolis (1996),“Are Network Externalities A New Source of Market Failure? ,”In: Research in Law and Economics, URL:http://wwwpub.utdallas.edu/~liebowit/
26.Porter, M. E.（1980）, “Industry structure and competitive strategy: keys to profitability,” Financial Analysts Journal, Vol. 36, p.30-41
27.Rohlfs, Jeffrey (1974), “A Theory of Interdependent Demand for a Communications Service,” Bell Journal of Economics, 5, 16-37.
28.Rohlfs, J. H.（2001）, “Bandwagon Effects in High-Thecnology Industries,” MIT press.
29.Shapiro, Carl and Varian, Hal R.（1998）, “Network Effects,” Notes to accompany Information Rule, September
30.Shy, Oz (1996), “Technology Revolution in the Presence of Network Externalities,” International Journal of Industrial Organization, 14, 785-800.
31.Shy, Oz (2001), “The Economics of Network Industries,” New York: Cambridge University Press.
32.Tim Weitzel, Oliver Wendt, Falk v. Westarp(2000), “ Reconsidering Network Effect Theory ,”
URL:www.wiiw.de/ publikationen/ReconsideringNetworkEffectTheo.pdf
33.Varian, Hal R.（2001）, “High-Technology Industries and Market Structure,” September
URL: http://www.kc.frb.org/Publicat/sympos/2001/papers/S02vari.pdf
34.Young, Andrew T.(2000), “Demand-Side Increasing Returns: Implications for Economic Growth and Fluctuations,” May,
URL:www.st-and.ac.uk/~res2000/papers/ pdffiles/tuesday/AYoung.pdf
二、 中文部分
1.盧俊成，（1998），『網際網路的典範轉移暨網路市場與新經營模式之探索性研究』，台灣大學商研所博士論文2.John Hagel III and Arthur G. Armstrong著，朱道凱譯，（1998），網路商機如何經營虛擬社群，臉譜出版
3.潘欣儀，（1999），『以網路外部性觀點思考網際網路上資訊中介商之經營策略』，台灣大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文
4.蔡宏明（1999），『數位經濟時代下的產業發展趨勢』，《經濟情勢暨評論季刊》，第五卷，第二期，URL: http://www.moea.gov.tw/~ecobook/season/sa0.htm
5.Carl Shapiro and Hal R. Varian著，張美惠譯，（1999），資訊經營法則，時報出版
6.Charles W.L. Hill and Gareth R. Jones著，黃營杉譯，（1999），策略管理－第四版，華泰書局出版
7.Don Tapscott , Alex Lowy and David Ticoll著，樂為良、陳曉開、梁美雅譯，（1999），新經濟數位世紀的新遊戲規則，趨勢資訊出版
8.Kevin Kelly著，趙學信譯，（1999），Net&TEN，大塊文化出版
9.Stan Davis，Christopher Meyer著，黃淑慎譯，（1999），新商業革命—模糊化時代工作聖經，時報出版
10.T.G. Lewis著，陳子豪、張駿瑩譯，（1999），零阻力經濟，天下文化
11.陳世運，（2000），網際網路重要經營法則，http://www.find.org.tw
12.何琦瑜，（2000），104人力銀行－－網路風暴中最景氣的銀行，《數位時代》，九月號，URL: http://search.bnext.com.tw:999/mag/2000_09/2000_09.html
13.Larry Downes and Chunka Mui著，邱文寶譯，（2000），Killer App－12步打造數位企業，天下文化出版
14.李信勇，（2001），『以資源基礎理論探討電子商務經營之成功要素—策略矩陣分析法之應用』，朝陽科技大學企業管理研究所碩士論文15.俞雅心，（2001），『人力網站的經營發展策略及競爭優勢』，臺灣大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文16.盧希鵬著，（2001），電子商務之九陰真經，藍鯨出版
17.Sultan Kermally著，財訊出版社譯，（2001），通往新經濟法則的7個途徑－資訊時代的新經濟學，財訊出版社
18.林信恆，（2002），『服飾虛擬社群網路外部性探討之研究』，輔仁大學織品服裝學研究所碩士論文19.許嘉倫，（2002），『從資源基礎理論探討企業多角化之動態歷程-以潤泰集團為例』，朝陽科技大學企業管理研究所碩士論文20.陳嘉淦，（2002），『網路經濟之源起與本質』，中央大學產業經濟研究所碩士論文21.John Hagel III and Marc Singer著，湯宗勳、丁麗萍譯，（2002），網路價值－逆向市場上的資訊仲介者，臉譜出版
22.賴旭堂，（2003），『跨國消費性產品在台業務策略之研究』，朝陽科技大學企業管理研究所碩士論文23.陳書豪，（2003），『網路經濟,交易成本,與電子商務產業競爭』，中央大學產業經濟研究所碩士論文24.張鴻南，（2003），『電子商務實虛整合經營模式與績效關係之研究－資源基礎觀點』，銘傳大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文25.張順教著，（2003），高科技產業經濟分析，雙葉書廊有限公司出版
26.Rudy Ruggles and Dan Holtshouse著，林宜瑄等譯，（2003），知識優勢，遠流出版
27.戴國良著，（2004），策略管理－策略分析與本土個案實務，鼎茂出版