臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究基於綠色環保與循環經濟理念，材料選用廢棄橡膠(Waste Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer Rubber, EPDM)與塑膠(High Density Polyethylene, HDPE)混摻製作成樓層板隔音墊，並探討不同橡塑組成與添加增容劑下對其隔音效果之影響。透過有限元素分析方法(Finite Element Analysis, FEA)模擬，測得材料動態剛性，評估材料製成樓層板隔音墊時，是否符合內政部建築技術法規「樓板衝擊音」的隔音標準。

由文獻得知，進行有限元素分析時，量測橡膠緩衝材的彈性模數與泊松比至關重要。本研究除了以傳統應變規的方式量測之外，並創新嘗試使用數位攝影法(Digital Photogrammetry Technique)量測橡膠緩衝材的泊松比。透過動態模擬結果顯示，隨著緩衝材厚度增加，動態剛性隨之下降，且隨著廢棄橡膠含量增加，動態剛性亦隨之下降。

本研究為探討橡塑組成與增容劑對W-EPDM/HDPE複合材料之影響，也透過量測機械性質(拉伸強度、彎曲強度、衝擊強度等)，由實驗結果發現，隨著廢棄橡膠含量上升，拉伸強度與彎曲強度隨之下降，反觀衝擊強度隨之上升。對於在橡塑材料中額外添加增容劑時，在機械性質表現上無明顯趨勢變化。

This study is based on the concept of green environmental protection and recycling economy. The materials are selected from Waste Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer Rubber (EPDM) and High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) to produce Recycled Tire Rubber Pad for Vibration and Acoustic Insulation, and the effects of different rubber and plastic compositions and the addition of compatibilizer on the sound insulation effect were discussed. When the material was made into a sound insulation pad that applied to the floor, we use the method of finite element analysis (FEA) simulation to measured the dynamic stiffness of the material, and to evaluate whether it meets the sound insulation standards for floor impact sound of the Ministry of the Interior's building technology regulations.

It is known from the literature that it is important to measure the elastic modulus and the Poisson's ratio of resilience material of rubber when operating finite element analysis. In addition to measuring the Poisson’s ratio of resilience material of rubber with strain gauges, this study attempts to measure using digital photometry technique in a innovative way. The result of dynamic simulation shows that as the thickness of the resilient material increases, the dynamic stiffness decreases. Moreover, with in the increase of waste rubber content, the dynamic stiffness also decreases.

In order to investigate the effect of mechanical properties on rubber and plastic composition and compatibilizer on composite materials, this study measure the properties includes tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, etc. From the experimental result, it is found that as the waste rubber content increases, the tensile strength and bending strength decrease. On the contrary, with the increase of waste rubber content, the impact strength of W-EPDM/HDPE composite increases. As regards the addition of the compatibilizer in the W-EPDM/HDPE composite, there is no significant change in the behavior of the mechanical properties.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 ix
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與目的 1
1.2 天然橡膠與合成橡膠 2
1.3 高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)介紹 4
1.4 增容劑(MA-g-PE)簡介 5
1.5 聚乙烯接枝馬來酸酐的機制 6
1.6 吸音、隔音之介紹 7
1.7 樓板衝擊音發生機構 9
1.7.1 衝擊源之衝擊力特性 11
1.8 國內浮式地板動態剛性測定法 12
1.8.1 動態剛性量測公式 14
1.9 國內建築法衝擊音相關規定 15
第二章 文獻回顧 18
2.1 廢棄橡膠粉粒與高密度聚乙烯混摻之性質影響 18
2.2 增容劑應用於橡塑複合材料之影響 21
2.3 動態剛性與樓層板衝擊音隔音關聯性之研究 25
2.4 研究動機與目的 29
第三章 儀器及實驗原理 30
3.1 密閉式滾煉機(Internal Mixer） 30
3.2 電熱式熱壓機(Hot Forming Press Machine) 32
3.3 射出成型機(Injection Molding) 33
3.4 機械性質測試 35
3.4.1 抗拉強度測試(Tensile Strength Test) 35
3.4.2 衝擊強度測試(Impact Strength Test) 36
3.4.3 三點彎曲測試(Three-Point Bending Test) 37
3.5 數位攝影法應用於泊松比計算 38
第四章 實驗方法與步驟 42
4.1 實驗藥品 42
4.2 實驗儀器 43
4.3 實驗方法 44
4.3.1 橡塑複合材料製備 44
4.3.2 機械性質測試 45
4.3.3 應變規量測泊松比 46
4.3.4 數位攝影法量測泊松比 47
4.3.5 有限元素分析模型量測動態剛性 48
第五章 結果與討論 51
5.1 機械性質分析 51
5.2 泊松比量測結果 56
5.2.1 數位攝影法 56
5.2.2 應變規 65
5.3 緩衝材動態剛性量測結果 69
第六章 結論 74
參考文獻 75
附錄 82

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