臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於企業全球化的精密分工以及營運方式的改變，促使企業感受到全球運籌下的競爭壓力。因應全球化營運的趨勢，許多企業皆邁向跨國的經營模式，組織的層級與規模隨業務需要逐漸擴大，導致對於整合與控制企業資源、企業流程和資訊系統的需求日益增強。供應鏈管理遂成為新世紀全球企業競爭優勢的重要關鍵因素，運用供應鏈管理創造出新的經營模式，不但改變了企業的產銷經營活動，亦改變了彼此交易與溝通的方式，更促成資訊流、物流、金流與商流的整合。在此激烈競爭的環境中，企業間的競爭已由以往個別的製造商的競爭轉變成供應鏈與供應鏈間的競爭。藉由供應鏈管理可提升企業競爭力，減少交易時間與成本，以達到較佳的績效。
本研究以台灣中部地區光學業的觀點探討實施供應鏈管理的運作暨績效，並以為為研究對象，設計調查問卷，取得7家公司樣本，應用相關統計分析方法檢驗Porter (1990)之主張，並自其中獲得一些重要研究發現。
本研究根據相關分析與迴歸分析之結果，可以判定實施全球供應鏈管理，現有之生產因素即直接影響此產業之競爭優勢。
綜合生產因素之競爭重要性、稀有性、持久性、模仿威脅、替代威脅、維護成本、取得成本、可移動性與可掌控性等九個子因素之相關分析與迴歸分析之結果，在同時考慮支援產業因素之情況下，資料可以為中部光學業之生產因素直接影響業者之競爭優勢。同時考慮支援產業因素，綜合相關分析與迴歸分析之結果，本研究資料可以支持中部地區業之需求條件直接影響業者之競爭優勢。以支援產業因素、生產因素與需求條件等三項主要因素為自變數，而分別以產品價值、製造能力、作業風險管理能力、人力成本、製造成品銷售能力與整體獲利水準等六個子因素為依變數，透過迴歸分析可以明顯看出整體模式達到顯著水準。
因此，本研究根據研究所獲得之結論，對業者與政府提出在實務方面的建議，希望有助於產業之競爭優勢與未來發展。

The enterprise feels the competitive pressure of global operation from appropriate work distribution and changes in the operation of business. Upon entering the trend of global operation, many enterprises follow the international operation model, in which the organization becomes more complex and the business gradually enlarges, resulting in daily demand of integration and control of enterprise resources, flow control and information systems. For the global enterprise of the new century, management of the supply chain became a vital key element in gaining a competitive advantage. By applying supply chain management, a new operation model was created, changing operational activity of the enterprise’s production and sales, while altering the ways of mutual trade and communications. It also promoted integration of business, material, finances, and the flow of information. In the light of fierce competition, the focus of the competition shifted from individual manufacturing businesses to supply chains. Through the management of the supply chain, trading times and costs were reduced, increasing the performance and competitive abilities of the enterprises.
The study, based on the view of Central Taiwan’s optical industries, surveyed the operating performance of the implementation of supply chain management. It revolves around central Taiwan’s optical manufacturing, and seven companies were surveyed through a self-designed questionnaire. Applying the related statistic analysis, it verified Porter’s (1990) theory, and it obtained a few importance research discoveries from that.
The results of Correlation Matrices and regression Analysis were analyzed based on nine elements of significance of production: rarity, durability, threat from imitation, threat from alternation, cost of maintenance, cost of acquirement, mobility and controllability, along with the assisting industrial element. Through the analysis, it was proven that the productive factors in the optical industry in central Taiwan were influential in the manufacturer’s competitive advantage.
Designation of the assistance industry, production element and required condition were the three major-independent variables, while value of product, manufacturing capability, management capability in dealing with operational risks, cost of manpower, sale capability and the whole profitability were the six minor dependent variables. Using these variables in regression analysis, it was illustrated that the whole model had reached its apparent level.
Therefore, the research offers a practical suggestion to both the industries and government, and it should benefit both competitive advantages and future developments.

中文摘要 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- I
英文摘要 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- III
誌 謝 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- V
目 錄 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- VI
表 目 錄 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- X
圖 目 錄 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- XV
第一章 緒論 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 --------------------------------------------- 1
第二節 研究範圍與限制 --------------------------------------------- 5
第三節 研究對象 ------------------------------------------------------ 7
第四節 研究目的 -------------------------------------------------------- 8
第五節 研究流程 -------------------------------------------------------- 10
第六節 論文架構 ------------------------------------------------------ 11
第二章 文獻探討 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 13
第一節 資源與競爭全球化 -------------------------------------------- 14
第二節 企業決勝的關鍵 ----------------------------------------------- 18
第三節 供應鏈 ----------------------------------------------------------- 20
第四節 供應鏈管理 ----------------------------------------------------- 25
第五節 供應鏈管理效益與績效評估 -------------------------------- 32
第六節 競爭優勢 -------------------------------------------------------- 49
第三章 研究方法 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 71
第一節 研究架構 -------------------------------------------------------- 71
第二節 研究設計 -------------------------------------------------------- 72
第三節 研究步驟 -------------------------------------------------------- 83
第四節 問卷設計 ------------------------------------------------------ 83
第五節 操作性定義 --------------------------------------------------- 86
第六節 問卷的信效度分析 ----------------------------------------- 102
第七節 研究對象與抽樣方式 -------------------------------------- 103
第八節 資料處理與分析 -------------------------------------------- 104
第四章 資料分析 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 107
第一節 樣本資料分析 ------------------------------------------------ 107
第二節 全球供應鏈管理實施與否、企業e化程度高低之穩定 度分析 ------------------------------------------------------ 123
第三節 背景變項對供應鏈績效水準之差異分析 -------------- 126
第四節 實施全球供應鏈管理、供應鏈績效水準、支援產業 因素、生產因素特性對競爭優勢之預測力分析 ----- 131
第五章 結論與建議 ------------------------------------------------------------- 137
第一節 研究發現 ------------------------------------------------------ 138
第二節 結論 ----------------------------------------------------------- 142
第三節 本研究結果建議 -------------------------------------------- 143
參考文獻 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 149
附錄一 臺灣光學產業競爭優勢之研究問卷 -------------------------------- 152
附錄二 臺灣光學產業競爭優勢之專家意見調查問卷 -------------------- 163

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