臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在染料敏化太陽能電池(DSSC)中奈米TiO2薄膜光電極是影響染料敏化太陽能電池光電特性的重要因素。本研究主要改善染料敏化太陽能電池元件中之工作電極暗電流的產生，所以在TiO2工作電極中添加導電性良好之材料，進而增進此太陽能電池的效率與穩定性。使用溶膠凝膠法製備二氧化鈦奈米顆粒，並在製備過程中分別添加多壁奈米碳管及石墨烯兩種導電性良好的材料，可以增加DSSC之短路電流密度(short-circuit current density)，減少暗電流發生進而有效提升DSSC的光電轉換效率。使二氧化鈦奈米顆粒披覆在多壁奈米碳管(MWCNT)上；薄片狀石墨烯覆蓋在二氧化鈦奈米顆粒表面上，製備出 TiO2-CNTs和TiO2-Graphenes奈米複合粉末，作為染料敏化太陽能電池(DSSC)中之光電極材料。在DSSC光電極的製備上使用旋轉塗佈法將P25 TiO2奈米顆粒混合TiO2-CNTs、TiO2-Graphenes複合粉末塗佈在ITO導電玻璃上。經過太陽能光電轉換效率的測試結果顯示，添加TiO2-CNTs和TiO2-Graphenes奈米複合粉末可以增加電池短路電流密度(Isc)，加入TiO2-CNTs奈米複合粉末讓DSSC的光電轉換效率從原先之3.5928 %最高提升到5.242 %，加入TiO2-Graphenes奈米複合粉末最高提升到5.619 %。

The nanocrystalline-TiO2 film is a crucial factor of photoelectrode performances in dye-sensitized solar cell. In this study, we decreased dark current generation in the working electrode of the dye-sensitized solar cell. By adding good conductivity materials into TiO2 working electrode and thereby enhanced the efficiency and stability of solar cells.We used sol-gel method to prepare nanoscale titanium dioxide (TiO2). During the preparation we added multi-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene that are well-conductive materials, since CNT and graphene can increase the short-circuit current density of DSSC therefore reduce the dark current generation, thus the light-to-electricity conversion effectively of DSSC can be effectively raised. We used TiO2-CNTs, TiO2 nanoparticles coated on the surface of the muti-wall carbon nanotubes, and TiO2-Graphene composite nanopowders, the graphene sheets covered heavily with TiO2 layer, as the photoelectrode materials for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The DSSC photoelectrodes were prepared by spin coating on transparent conductive Indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates. According to light-to-electricity conversion efficiency test, adding TiO2-CNTs and TiO2-Graphenes nano composite powders could increase the values of short-circuit current density (Isc) obviously, and also improved the light-to-electricity conversion efficiency from 3.5928 % to 5.242% by TiO2-CNTs and 5.619% by TiO2-Graphenes.

摘要 I
英文摘要 II
致謝 IV
目錄 Ⅸ
表目錄 XII
圖目錄 XIV
第一章 前言 1
1.1緒論 1
1.2太陽能電池簡介 2
1.3研究動機與目的 7
第二章 文獻回顧 8
2.1染料敏化太陽電池簡介 8
2.1.1染料敏化太陽能電池之結構 8
2.1.2降低染料敏化太陽能電池效率的因素 10
2.1.3染料敏化太陽能電池光電轉換評價性能參數 12
2.2二氧化鈦 16
2.3奈米碳管及石墨烯簡介 18
2.3.1奈米碳管 18
2.3.2石墨烯 23
2.4溶膠-凝膠法 27
2.5染料敏化太陽能電池的組成結構 29
2.5.1半導體工作電極 29
2.5.2染料光敏化劑 31
2.5.3氧化還原電解質 33
2.5.4對電極 36
第三章實驗設備和方法 37
3.1實驗藥品與儀器 37
3.2實驗流程 40
3.2.1奈米碳管官能基化流程 40
3.2.2石墨烯官能基化流程 41
3.2.3溶膠凝膠法製備TiO2-MWCNT/TiO2-Graphene奈米複合粉末 42
3.2.4染料敏化太陽能電池之製備 43
3.3儀器應用介紹 47
第四章 結果與討論 53
4.1純化及官能基化MWCNT/Graphene的分析 53
4.1.1 能量散佈分析儀(EDX) 53
4.1.2 紅外光譜分析(FT-IR) 57
4.1.3 掃描電子顯微鏡分析(SEM) 59
4.1.4分散度測試 60
4.2 TiO2-MWCNT/TiO2-Graphene複合奈米粉末之材料分析 61
4.2.1 能量散佈分析儀(EDX) 62
4.2.2 X光繞射分析儀(XRD) 62
4.2.3 紅外光譜分析(FT-IR) 66
4.2.4 掃描電子顯微鏡分析(SEM) 68
4.3 TiO2 (Degussa P25) 工作電極之表面分析 69
4.4多壁奈米碳管/石墨烯-二氧化鈦光電極之性質分析 73
4.4.1 薄膜表面型態裂縫影響分析 73
4.4.2 紫外光-可見光吸收光譜分析(UV/Vis) 76

4.5製備雙層複合光電極 79
4.5.1 薄膜表面型態裂縫影響分析 79
4.5.2 紫外光-可見光吸收光譜分析(UV/Vis) 81
4.6染料敏化太陽能電池性能之分析 83
4.6.1 添加TiO2奈米複合粉末對DSSC效率之影響 83
4.6.2 交流阻抗分析染料敏化太陽能電池 91
第五章 結論 97
參考文獻 99

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