臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

對於以電池供電之汽車電子裝置，其需要一升壓轉換器進行電壓準位提升。然而，傳統升壓轉換器於高升壓比應用時需要極大之開關工作週期，這導致消耗功率甚鉅以及可靠性較低之問題。為了解決上述之問題，本文提出了一種用於汽車音頻放大器之整合型升壓轉換器。所提轉換器是採用兩相交錯升壓轉換器進一步組接，第一相為升壓轉換器電路，而第二相為反相之升壓轉換器電路。與傳統的兩相交錯升壓轉換器相比，可以實現較高之電壓增益。本文探討轉換器之工作原理，架構分析、模式推導以及閉迴路控制設計。為驗證本文所提可行性，實作一輸入12V(電池)、輸出60V/120W之轉換器原型機並實際應用於車用音響供電系統。經由實驗結果可知，量測波形與模擬結果相符，而轉換器之最大轉換效率可達98.7％，並於滿載情況下效率為89.1%。

High boost DC/DC voltage conversion is always required in a power electronic interface for certain battery-powered electrical devices. However, a conventional boost converter operates with a large duty cycle for such high voltage gain, which results in increased power consumptions and low reliability problems. To solve this issue, a new battery-powered integrated boost converter for automotive audio amplifier is presented. The proposed converter uses an interleaved structure consisting of two phases. In the first phase, a conventional boost converter is employed, and in the second phase, the inverted version of this circuit is used. With this technique, a higher boost voltage gain can be achieved compared with conventional two-phase interleaved boost converters. A derivation of the operating principles of the proposed converter, analyzes of its topology, and the closed-loop control design are performed in this study. Furthermore, simulations and experiments are also performed using a battery input voltage of 12V for a 120W circuit. A reasonable duty cycle is selected to achieve an output voltage of 60V. Finally, the proposed converter is applied with the automotive audio amplifier to verify its feasibility. The measured maximum conversion efficiency of the converter is 98.7%, and the efficiency at full load is 89.1%.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌 謝 iii
目 錄 iv
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 文獻回顧 2
1.3 論文貢獻 6
1.4 章節概要 7
第二章 音響系統之基本事務 8
2.1 前言 8
2.2 放大器應用說明及介紹 9
2.2.1 各類放大器介紹 10
2.3 音響系統架構 14
2.3.1 音響系統之組成 15
2.3.2 傳統音響系統與現今音響系統 16
第三章 前級整合型升壓轉換器之穩態分析 17
3.1 前言 17
3.2 電路架構與工作原理 18
3.3 穩態操作分析 23
3.3.1 電壓增益比 23
3.3.2 輸出電壓漣波與電流漣波比 24
3.3.3 邊界導通模式推導 27
3.4 功率開關元件耐壓與電流應力分析 28
3.4.1 各元件電流有效值計算 29
3.4.2 元件應力分析 30
第四章 轉換器之動態模型建立與控制迴路設計 31
4.1 前言 31
4.2 小訊號動態模型推導 32
4.2.1 推導過程 32
4.3 控制迴路設計 40
4.3.1 電流控制器設計 42
4.3.2 電壓控制器設計 43
第五章 控制迴路數位化實現 44
5.1 前言 44
5.2 軟體規劃及程式流程 46
5.3 同步取樣策略 48
5.4 對稱式數位脈寬調變產生器 49
5.5 迴授訊號數值量化分析 50
第六章 模擬與實驗結果 53
6.1 前言 53
6.2 實驗平台說明 53
6.3 音響供電系統架構實現 56
6.3.1 前級整合型升壓轉換電路 56
6.3.2 後級全橋放大器電路 61
6.3.3 開關驅動與迴授電路設計 65
6.4 模擬與實驗結果驗證 67
6.4.1 穩態響應模擬與實驗結果 68
6.4.2 暫態響應模擬與實驗結果 74
6.4.3 音響供電系統之實驗結果 75
6.5 效率估算與量測 78
第七章 結論與未來展望 85
7.1 結論 85
7.2 未來研究方向 86
參考文獻 87
附錄 91
一、 線路規劃圖 91
二、 PCB電路佈局圖 93
符號彙編 96

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