臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

發光太陽能聚光器(Luminescent Solar Concentrators, LSCs)由螢光體和波導所組成，目前擁有好的光物理性質之膠體螢光材料多是含有重金屬以及有毒的有機溶劑。而屬於環保材料的碳量子點(Carbon dots,CDs)又會有濃度誘導淬滅(Concentration-induced quenching,CIQ)和易產生聚集誘導散射(Aggregation-induced scattering,AIS)的問題。同時現今運用在LSC上的高分子材料則有在UV長時間照射或受熱會破壞其光物理特性及吸濕後會易水解等問題存在。因此本研究以耐熱性與穩定性皆佳之矽烷基高分子與碳量子點鍵結，並選擇不同種類官能基之silane (-NH2、-NCO、-CH3)與碳量子點反應，進一步探討其光物理特性，找出最佳條件以做為發光太陽能聚光器之應用。

Luminescent Solar Concentrators, (LSCs) are composed of loaded luminophores and glass waveguides designed to efficiently harvest both incident and diffused solar irradiation devoid of complex solar tracking system. However, most of reported LSCs bank on on colloidal fluorescent materials with noble photophysical properties are frequently comprised of heavy metals and toxic organic solvents. In lieu of this, it is necessary to search for nanomaterials with excellent photo physical, yet considered to cause minimal harm to environment and human health. Carbon Dots (CDs) are environmental friendly nanomaterials but suffers from minimal problems such as concentration-induced quenching (CIQ) and aggregation-induced scattering (AIS). At the same time, the polymer materials used in LSC today have disadvantages such as long-term UV irradiation or heating, which will destroy the photophysical properties and easily hydrolyze the samples after moisture absorption.Therefore, in this study, sulfonated alkyl polymers with excellent heat resistance and stability were bonded to carbon quantum dots, and silanes (-NH2, -NCO, -CH3) with different functional groups, and were selected to react with carbon quantum dots to further explore their light-harvesting properties. The photophysical properties of the CDs used in this research was investigated in order to find the best and optimized conditions for further utilization as a luminescent solar concentrator.

目次
摘要 ............................................................................................................... I
Abstract ............................................................................................................. II
誌謝 ............................................................................................................ III
目次 ............................................................................................................ IV
圖目錄 ........................................................................................................... VII
第一章 緒論 ....................................................................................................... 1
1-1 研究背景 ........................................................................................... 1
1-2 研究動機 ........................................................................................... 4
1-3 文獻回顧 ........................................................................................... 5
1-3-1 奈米材料 .................................................................................... 5
1-3-2 量子點 ........................................................................................ 6
1-3-3 CdSe 量子點 ............................................................................. 9
1-3-4 碳量子點 .................................................................................. 10
1-3-5 矽烷基膠體高分子 .................................................................. 11
1-3-6 發光太陽能聚光器Luminescent Solar Concentrators LSCs . 11
第二章 實驗原理及實驗系統 ......................................................................... 15
1-4 光激發螢光 (Photoluminescence, PL) ........................................... 15
1-5 時間解析光譜 (Time-Resolved Photoluminescence, TRPL) ........ 16
1-6 X 射線光電子能譜(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy , XPS) ...... 17
1-7 傅里葉轉換紅外光譜(Fourier-transform infrared
spectroscopy,FTIR) ..................................................................................... 18
1-8 穿透式電子顯微鏡(Transmission electron microscope - TEM) .... 19
1-9 熱重分析儀( Thermogravimetric analyzer, TGA).......................... 20
1-10 吸收度( Absorbance) ....................................................................... 20
1-11 量子產率(Quantum yield, QY) ....................................................... 21
1-12 FluoTime 300 ................................................................................... 22
第三章 樣品介紹 ............................................................................................. 24
1-13 實驗材料 ......................................................................................... 24
1-14 碳量子點之製備 ............................................................................. 25
1-15 LSC 製作 ......................................................................................... 27
第四章 研究結果及討論 ................................................................................. 28
1-16 碳量子點的矽烷化和表面工程 ..................................................... 28
1-17 矽烷碳量子點凝膠玻璃之光物理性質 ......................................... 37
1-18 矽烷碳量子點凝膠玻璃之穩定性 ................................................. 41
1-19 矽烷碳量子點凝膠玻璃於發光太陽能聚光器之表現 ................. 46
第五章 結論 ..................................................................................................... 48
第六章 參考文獻 ............................................................................................. 49
圖目錄
圖1-1 安裝於屋頂的太陽能板 ........................................................................... 2
圖1-2 發光太陽能聚光器示意圖 ....................................................................... 3
圖1-3 LSCs 結合建築結構[3] ............................................................................ 3
圖1-4 量子點在不同粒徑大小下所呈現的顏色[5] .......................................... 5
圖1-5 材料大小與表面比例關係圖 .................................................................. 7
圖1-6 量子侷限效應的影響[9] .......................................................................... 8
圖1-7 殼核結構量子點可調控螢光光譜圖[12] ................................................ 9
圖1-8 於2004 年碳量子點首次被發現 .......................................................... 10
圖1-9 發光太陽能聚光器之能量損失 ............................................................ 12
圖2-1 光激發螢光示意圖 ................................................................................ 16
圖2-2 穿透式電子顯微鏡 ................................................................................ 19
圖2-3 比爾定律示意圖..................................................................................... 20
圖2-4 積分球整體 ............................................................................................. 22
圖2-5 Fluotime 300 儀器主體 .......................................................................... 23
圖2-6 光激發螢光量測系統光路示意圖 ........................................................ 23
圖3-1 水熱反應釜 ............................................................................................. 26
圖3-2 LSC 製作流程圖 ..................................................................................... 27
圖4-1 碳量子點與矽烷基高分子反應示意圖 ................................................ 28
圖4-2 碳量子點的TEM 分布圖 ...................................................................... 29
圖4-3 矽烷碳量子點FTIR 圖 .......................................................................... 30
圖4-5 TGA 熱重分析圖 .................................................................................... 33
圖4-6 矽烷碳量子點吸收圖譜 ......................................................................... 34
圖4-7 NCO-CDs PL Excitation Emission contour Map .................................... 35
圖4-8 NH2-CDs PL Excitation Emission contour Map ..................................... 35
圖4-9 NCO-CDs 和NH2-CDs 在不同濃度下的量子產率 .............................. 36
圖4-10 CH3-CDs LSC(左為日光燈下右為UV 燈下) ..................................... 37
圖4-11 NH2-CDs LSC(左為日光燈下右為UV 燈下) ..................................... 38
圖4-12 NCO-CDs LSC(左為日光燈下右為UV 燈下) .................................... 38
圖4-13 NCO-CDs 不同濃度下的lifetime ....................................................... 39
圖4-14 NH2-CDs 不同濃度下的lifetime ........................................................ 39
圖4-15 NCO 碳量子點在高濃度LSC 中的絕對螢光效率 ............................ 40
圖4-16 NCO 碳量子點在低濃度LSC 中的絕對螢光效率 ............................ 41
圖4-17 NH2-CDs LSC ........................................................................................ 42
圖4-18 戶外穩定度光激螢光圖譜 .................................................................. 43
圖4-19 戶外穩定度liftime 時間解析光譜 ...................................................... 43
圖4-20 UV 穩定性PL 圖 .................................................................................. 44
圖4-21 UV 穩定性lifetime 圖 .......................................................................... 45
圖4-22 100℃熱水穩定性lifetime 圖 ............................................................... 45
圖4-23 NH2-CDs-LSC 側邊效率螢光光譜圖 .................................................. 47
圖4-24 NCO-CDs-LSC 側邊效率螢光光譜圖 ................................................. 47

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