臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
城市的樣貌是由各種驅動力(Driven forces)所形塑。這些驅動力不僅創造了各種城市的樣貌，也同時帶來了各種都市議題，而人類去改變與塑造良好都市型態的意圖也隨之而生。隨著科技與技術的不斷進步，規劃者與政府不斷嘗試著去解決都市問題，而其中很明顯地，不同的願景、規劃者、規劃方法會造就完全不同的都市形態。在規劃的過程中，指認這些過往的規劃痕跡是極為重要的一環，因為都市發展是一個連續、堆疊的過程，新與舊同時並存、相互連結而堆疊交雜於城市中。此外，都市型態可分解為街道、街廓、地塊與建築。透過指認出都市型態中的各種元素的不同，進而指認出不同規劃時期所產生的都市形態，將有利於保存、更新等都市計畫的提出。
都市形態學在此方面議題中為常用的方法。但在過去的研究中，量化的方法較少被運用於都市形態學的研究裡。而隨著地理資訊系統(GIS)的出現以及電腦技術的進步，現在研究者可以記錄大量的都市型態並且將之與各種量化資料加以連結。此一革新讓研究者可以更快速、大量的研究都市形態，以及其背後相關聯的各種政治經濟、社會文化等都市驅動力。
本研究嘗試找出如何的都市形態是被如何的規畫意圖與方法所形成，藉著將都市解剖成最基本的形態元素並討論其特徵與差異。而量化方法與GIS也將納入進行，其中Space Syntax、Spacematrix以及Landscape Matrices具有可以快速大量探討都市形態特徵的能力因而被採納。前述所提到的四項都市形態特徵將以此為基礎進行分析，而運用這些特徵所得到的量化指標將會被互相比較討論進而指認不同的都市形態。
總結來說，本研究發現不同的規劃願景與方法的確造就了不同的都市型態特徵，而在本研究的研究地區台中市中，這些特徵是很清楚地可以透過量化後之指標進行指認。這些指標或許不能完全的指認精準的都市形態，但已經足以去辨別都市形態的異同。再者，透過此一比較，可以很清楚地指認出不同時期的台中市都市形態特徵的差異以及其發展模式。

City has always been shaped by driven forces. The driven forces not only build up various kinds of cities, but also create a great deal of urban issues. Therefore, intentions to change and shape a better city have emerged. Coming with new methods and tools invented, intentions from governments and planners try to solve urban problems. It is obvious that different intentions and planning method would create different urban form, which is composed by four basic urban morphological factors: street, block, plot and building; and it is also important to recognize and identify their existence, because urban development is a continuous process, and city is an accumulation of past. Thus, by better understanding the composition of urban form, more advanced plans not only for new development, but also for conservation and regeneration could be proposed.
To answer and solve this situation, urban morphology is frequently referred. However, in the history of development of urban morphology, we can find that quantitative methods have not been applied synchronously. With the emergence of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and growing capability of personal computer, now researchers can not only record features of sequence of urban forms, but also establish connections with quantitative data, which allow urban forms to be studied and analyzed with the socio-economic driven forces.
This research tries to find out what kinds of urban form has been created by different intentions and tools. Dissecting the urban form into the four basic morphological elements to discuss their features and differentiation between them. Moreover, the quantitative methods and GIS are surely adopted, Space Syntax, Spacematrix and Landscape metrics, because of the potential to explore the urban form in a wide area rapidly and efficiently. The representative parameters of urban form would be selected and calculated, and patterns development would be identified based on the comparison of these parameters.
The findings of this research show that intentions and planning methods truly cause lots of influence on the characteristics of urban form, and within Taichung city, they are recognizable by examining the parameters selected to represent the urban form. These parameters may not completely interpret the natures of urban form, but it is distinguishable to identify the similarity and diversity as studying a city. Also the characteristics of urban form in different periods of Taichung are identified, as well as the urban development patterns.

Abstract
List of Figures 1
List of Tables 4
1.Introduction 5
1.1 Background 5
1.2 Research Purpose 7
1.3 Scope 8
2.Urban Morphology 9
2.1 Development of Urban Morphology 9
2.2 Exploring the Urban Form by Traditional Urban Morphology 15
3. Methodology 16
3.1 Space Syntax 18
3.2 Landscape Ecology 20
3.3 Spacematrix 22
4.The Urban Development of Taichung City 25
4.1 Chinese Immigrants and Agricultural Villages (1600~1894) 25
4.2 Japanese Occupation (1895~1945) 28
4.3 Government of Republic of China (1945~) 31
4.4 Planning Intentions and Methods in Taichung 34
5.Research Design 36
5.1 Structure 36
5.2 Data Processing and Limitations 38
5.3 Classification of Calculation Results 41
5.4 Periods of Development 42
5.5 Measurements of Urban Form 44
6.Exploration of Urban Form in Taichung 46
6.1 Period of Japanese Occupation (1895~1945) 46
6.2 Period of the Initial Stage of R.O.C. (1945~1983) 57
6.3 Period of Rapid Economic Development (1983~1998) 68
6.4 Period of Urban Regeneration (1998~) 79
6.5 Transformation of Urban Form in Taichung City 90
7.Conclusion 97
7.1 Conclusion 97
7.2 Future Works 98
Reference 100

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