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研究生:吳志男
研究生(外文):Chih-Nan Wu
論文名稱:組織文化、組織氣候與組織公民行為
論文名稱(外文):Organizational culture, organizational climate and citizenship behavior.
指導教授:郭建志郭建志引用關係
指導教授(外文):Chan-Chih Kuo
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:中原大學
系所名稱:心理學研究所
學門:社會及行為科學學門
學類:心理學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2003
畢業學年度:91
語文別:中文
論文頁數:107
中文關鍵詞:實性和諧、組織文化、工具關係、組織公民行為、情感關係、虛性衝突、組織氣候
外文關鍵詞:re、organizational culture、organizational climate、OCB
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:135
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摘要

在華人重視和諧、講人情關係的社會文化架構下,探究華人組織內的文化、氣候和效能之間的關係,在過去是較為缺乏的。有鑑於此,探討組織文化、組織氣候與組織公民行為三者間關係,為本研究的主要目的。
本研究包含兩部分,研究一是採用質化的研究取向,訪談蒐集華人組織內人際互動時成員所知覺到的組織氣候,並以因素分析進行建構,得到「實性和諧」、「虛性衝突」、「情感關係」與「工具關係」等四個因素,並以此編製「華人組織氣候量表」,以作為研究探討工具。
研究二則是採用量化的研究取向,以瞭解組織文化、組織氣候與組織公民行為三者間的關係。本研究共蒐集331份有效問卷,結果發現,在四類型的組織文化中,「團隊合作」、「傳統守成」、「專業創新」對於組織公民行為具有正向影響力;而四類型的組織氣候中,「實性和諧」、「情感關係」對於組織公民行為具有正向影響力;「績效競爭」、「虛性衝突」、「工具關係」對於組織公民行為則不具有影響力,支持組織文化及組織氣候對公民行為的直接影響效果。最後本研究依據結果進行討論,並提出未來研究的可行方向。
Abstract

In Chinese society, Guanxi and harmony is very important. Under Chinese culture structure, it is rare to study the relation of organizational culture、climate and OCB. It is the purpose of thesis.

Two partition of this study: study one is quality approach and study two is quantity approach. In study one, we collect the interview outcome about perceptional climate of interpersonal interaction in Chinese organization. We found 4 factories, “real harmony”、 “pretense conflict”、“affective Guanxi”、“instrumental Guanxi”after analyzing these interview content. According to the 4 factories, we made “Chinese Organizational Climate Inquiry”be the instrument of this study.

In study two, we collect and analyze 331 useful questionnaires. We found that 3 type of culture,“teamwork”、“tradition”、“innovation”,have positive effect to OCB. We also found that 2 type of culture,“real harmony”、“ affective Guanxi”,have positive effect to OCB but“competition”culture、“pretense conflict”and“instrumental Guanxi”climate. This study support the hypothesis: organizational culture effects OCB directly. Finally, we have discussion of the study outcome and suggestion of future study.
目錄

第一章 研究動機與目的………………………………………1

第二章 文獻探討…………………………………………………..3
第一節 組織文化……………………………………………………………..3
一、組織文化的意義…………………………………………………………..3
二、組織文化的層次…………………………………………………………..4
三、組織文化的功能…………………………………………………………..7
四、組織文化的理論………………………………………………….………10
五、組織文化與組織氣候………………………………………….…………15

第二節 華人社會文化………………………….……………………………17
一、和諧的社會文化…………………………………………………….……18
二、重視關係的社會…………………………………………………….……27
三、關係的歷史脈絡…………………………………...….……….……..…..30
四、工具性關係與情感性關係…………………………………………….…34

第三節 組織公民行為………………………………………….……………35

第四節 研究架構與假設……………………………………….……………38

第三章 研究設計……………………….…………………………41
第一節 質性研究…………………………………….………………………41
第二節 量化研究…………………………………….………………………52

第四章 研究結果……………………….…………………………63
第一節 相關分析結果……………………………….………………………63
第二節 迴歸分析結果…………………….…………………………………66
第五章 討論與建議……………………….…………..…………77
第一節 研究結論…………………………………….………………………77
第二節 綜合討論……………………….……………………………………79
第三節 研究限制與未來研究方向……………………….…………………84
第四節 實務上的建議…………………………………….…………………85

參考文獻……………………………………………………………………….86
附錄一 訪談大綱………………………………………………..…………...95
附錄二 組織氣候建構………………….…………………………..…..…....96
附錄三 問卷………………….……………………………………..…..…....98

表次
表一 組織文化概念模式……………………………………………...……8
表二 組織文化文獻的分析架構……………………………………….…13
表三 華人社會中的衝突化解模式……………………………………….23
表四 西方的衝突化解模式……………………………………………….25
表五 關係定義表………………………………………………………….28
表六 關係概念比較表…………………………………………………….32
表七 受訪對象…………………………………………………………….41
表八 樣本組成分析……………………………………………………….56
表九 組織氣候之因素分析結果………………………………………….58
表十 組織文化之因素分析結果………………………………………….59
表十一 組織公民行為之因素分析結果…………………………………….61
表十二 華人價值觀之因素分析結果……………………………………….62
表十三 相關分析表………………………………………………………….64
表十四 組織文化與組織氣候之迴歸分析結果…………………………….67
表十五 區段迴歸分析(團隊合作)……………………………………….70
表十六 區段迴歸分析(專業創新)……………………………………….73
表十七 區段迴歸分析(績效競爭)……………………………………….74
表十八 區段迴歸分析(傳統守成)……………………………………….75
表十九 研究結果摘要……………………………………………………….78















圖次
圖一 文化的三個層次………………………………………………...……6
圖二 文化理論與組織理論的交集…………………………………….…11
圖三 儒家主義:社會意識型態與次序………………………………….21
圖四 衝突處理的………………………………………………………….25
圖五 研究架構…………………………………………………………….38
圖六 直接模式關係圖…………………………………………………….81
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