臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

環境衝擊評估為目前世界工業中，用於其產品造成環境影響評估之使用，評估內容包括溫室效應、臭氧層破壞、水體優養化、陸地優養化、酸雨、光化學效應、水資源枯竭、游離性輻射、土地轉變、化石燃料及礦物枯竭、對人毒性之致癌性及顆粒物質等，總共十四項評估標準。微藻，會行光合作用及吸收水中磷酸鹽及硝酸鹽等當作生長營養來源。在固碳效果中，培養一公斤之微藻會吸收環境中二氧化碳約兩公斤，產生之生質柴油可用做燃料使用，其排放氣體汙染亦少於石化燃料，因此有減碳之效果，能減緩溫室效應。在培養中使用之水體，可收集畜牧廢水，其中含有高氨氮、磷酸鹽，若不經過處理直接排放至環境中，會造成水體優養化，微藻也能吸收此水中過多有機物，達到水處理之效果，使此產業對環境更加友善。
在本實驗中，開發一自動化微藻生物反應槽，使培養中之微藻具有更高產能，針對其會影響微生物生長之環境因素，進行監測及控制等動作，將培養中之環境參數控制在最適當之培養條件中，在實驗結果中，使用此系統培養，在產能增加約10%。再透過雲端傳輸系統，將讀取資料傳輸至雲端，達到遠端監控效果，再透過大數據分析建立起物聯網之平台，將其生物質產更有效提升，增加更多經濟價值。

The environmental impact assessment is currently used in the world''s industries for the environmental impact assessment of its products, for a total of fourteen assessment criteria. Microalgae, photosynthesis and absorption phosphate and nitrate in water as a source of growth nutrients. The cultivation of one kilogram of microalgae will absorb about two kilograms of carbon dioxide in the environment. The produced biodiesel can be used as a fuel, and its emission gas pollution is also less than that of fossil fuels. Therefore, it has the effect of reducing carbon and slowing down the greenhouse effect. Microalgae will also absorb wastewater containing high ammonia nitrogen and phosphate, which can effectively improve the pollution of animal husbandry wastewater and make the industry more friendly to the environment.
In this experiment, an automated microalgae bioreactor was developed to monitor and control environmental factors affecting microbial growth and to control environmental parameters in the culture under the most suitable culture conditions. In the results, the system culture was used to increase the capacity by about 10%. Through the cloud transmission system, the read data is transmitted to the cloud to realize the remote monitoring effect, and the Internet of Things platform is established, thereby more effectively improving biomass production and increasing economic value.

目錄
摘要----------------------------------------------------------------------I
Abstract----------------------------------------------------------------II
目錄--------------------------------------------------------------------III
圖目錄------------------------------------------------------------------V
表目錄-----------------------------------------------------------------VI
一、前言----------------------------------------------------------------1
1-1 研究背景-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
1-2 研究目的-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2
二、文獻回顧----------------------------------------------------------3
2-1 微藻介紹-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
2-2 微藻產物-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
2-3 微藻發展之技術----------------------------------------------------------------------------7
2-4 微藻生長之影響因子----------------------------------------------------------------------8
2-4-1 二氧化碳----------------------------------------------------------------------------8
2-4-2 營養鹽種類及濃度----------------------------------------------------------------9
2-4-3 光源種類及光照度----------------------------------------------------------------9
2-4-4 溫度---------------------------------------------------------------------------------11
2-4-5 微藻生長曲線---------------------------------------------------------------------11
2-5 監測系統------------------------------------------------------------------------------------13
2-6 監測系統應用於水中生態環境---------------------------------------------------------14
2-7LCA 評估------------------------------------------------------------------------------------15
2-7-1 生命週期評估---------------------------------------------------------------------15
2-7-2 十四項環境影響評估-----------------------------------------------------------16
三、實驗材料、步驟與方法--------------------------------------18
3-1 微藻篩選-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------18
3-2 材料-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19
3-3 微藻培養設備-----------------------------------------------------------------------------21
3-4 實驗步驟-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------22
3-4-1 分析方法---------------------------------------------------------------------------22
IV
3-4-2 LCA 評估方法--------------------------------------------------------------------25
3-4-3 AI 智能監測-----------------------------------------------------------------------26
3-4-4 無線感測系統架構---------------------------------------------------------------28
3-4-5 資料庫平台------------------------------------------------------------------------28
3-4-6 人機介面---------------------------------------------------------------------------28
3-4-7 智慧物聯網系統------------------------------------------------------------------29
3-5 實驗設備------------------------------------------------------------------------------------31
3-6 監測系統------------------------------------------------------------------------------------32
四、結果與討論-----------------------------------------------------35
4-1 微藻特徵波長之測定---------------------------------------------------------------------35
4-2 微藻廢水處理效率------------------------------------------------------------------------35
4-2-1 總氮---------------------------------------------------------------------------------35
4-2-2 硝酸鹽------------------------------------------------------------------------------36
4-2-3 亞硝酸鹽---------------------------------------------------------------------------37
4-2-4COD 值------------------------------------------------------------------------------37
4-3 微藻生長狀況------------------------------------------------------------------------------38
4-4 全濃度微藻處理廢水及生長狀況------------------------------------------------------39
4-5 系統架設狀況------------------------------------------------------------------------------40
4-6LCA 分析結果------------------------------------------------------------------------------43
五、結論與建議-----------------------------------------------------50
5-1 結論-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------50
5-1-1 微藻去除廢水之狀況------------------------------------------------------------50
5-1-2 環境監控之影響------------------------------------------------------------------50
5-1-3 微藻生長之狀況------------------------------------------------------------------51
5-1-4 LCA 評估之結果-----------------------------------------------------------------51
5-2 建議-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------52
5-3 未來展望-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------52
六、參考文獻--------------------------------------------------------53
V
圖目錄
圖 1 生質柴油生產圖-----------------------------------------------------------------8
圖 2 光合作用反應圖-----------------------------------------------------------------10
圖 3 光波長圖--------------------------------------------------------------------------10
圖 4 生物生長曲線圖-----------------------------------------------------------------12
圖 5LCA 評估概念圖-----------------------------------------------------------------15
圖 6 評估流程圖-----------------------------------------------------------------------25
圖 7 設備概念圖-----------------------------------------------------------------------26
圖 8 實驗概念圖-----------------------------------------------------------------------27
圖 9 無線感測系統架構--------------------------------------------------------------29
圖 10 即時監控反應槽概念圖------------------------------------------------------30
圖 11 網站讀取資料圖---------------------------------------------------------------30
圖 12 總氮去除率圖------------------------------------------------------------------36
圖 13 硝酸鹽去除率圖---------------------------------------------------------------36
圖 14 亞硝酸鹽去除率圖------------------------------------------------------------37
圖 15 COD 去除率圖-----------------------------------------------------------------38
圖 16 微藻生長趨勢圖---------------------------------------------------------------39
圖 17 網頁展現圖---------------------------------------------------------------------41
圖 18 實際裝置圖---------------------------------------------------------------------41
圖 19 晶片實際圖---------------------------------------------------------------------42
圖 20 燃料環境衝擊比較圖---------------------------------------------------------46
VI
表目錄
表 1 油脂產量、面積需求比較表----------------------------------------------------3
表 2 藻類高經濟價值成分及用途----------------------------------------------------6
表 3 環境衝擊評估表-----------------------------------------------------------------16
表 4 BGII 詳細表----------------------------------------------------------------------19
表 5 無線傳輸模組及感測系統元件表--------------------------------------------32
表 6 微藻生長表-----------------------------------------------------------------------38
表 7 廢水各項係數去除率表--------------------------------------------------------40
表 8 十四項衝擊評估結果表--------------------------------------------------------43
表 9 環境衝擊評估比較表-----------------------------------------------------------44
表 10.十四項環境衝擊評估表-------------------------------------------------------47

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