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研究生:陳智夔
研究生(外文):Chen, Chih-Kuei
論文名稱:我國課徵「肥胖稅」可行性之初探
論文名稱(外文):Preliminary impose "fat tax" feasibility of Our country
指導教授:羅承宗羅承宗引用關係
指導教授(外文):Lo,Cheng-Tsung
口試委員:林書楷黃于玲
口試委員(外文):Lin,Shu-KaiHuang,Yu-Ling
口試日期:2016-01-13
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:南臺科技大學
系所名稱:財經法律研究所
學門:法律學門
學類:專業法律學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2016
畢業學年度:104
語文別:中文
論文頁數:93
中文關鍵詞:肥胖稅肥胖捐肥胖
外文關鍵詞:Fat taxObesity
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本研究在初探我國課徵「肥胖稅」之可行性,以外國的立法與經驗為基礎,探討台灣是否課徵「肥胖稅」。
本研究首先就世界對肥胖的認定準則、肥胖症的盛行率與外國立法潮流做文獻分析探討。再來是以外國的文獻,分析「肥胖稅」的優劣。最後對我國開徵「肥胖稅」之立法研議做歸納整理。
本研究為台灣第一本探討我國課徵「肥胖稅」可行性的法學論文,對於外國文獻與台灣立法研議的歸納整理,初探台灣課徵「肥胖稅」的可行性,供未來的論文與政策參考。

In this study, prove to explor the feasibility of imposeing "fat tax" in our country. Legislation based on the experience of foreign countries to explore if Taiwan need to impose the "fat tax" or not.
First, this study used literature research to know the world's recognition of obesity, the prevalence of obesity and trend of foreign legislation. Second, used foreign literature to analyse the good and bad of "fat tax". Finally, sum up our country's legislation research of imposing "fat tax".
This study is the first Legal paper to explor the feasibility of imposeing "fat tax" in our country. Used literature research to sum up the foreign literature and Taiwan's legislative research. Basly explored the feasibility of imposing "fat tax" in Taiwan and let the people reference of paper and policy.

第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機 1
第二節 研究方法 2
第一項 文獻分析法 2
第二項 案例研究法 2
第三節 研究範圍及架構 3
第四節 研究限制 3
第二章 現在社會與肥胖症 4
第一節 肥胖症的定義 4
第二節 肥胖症的盛行率與慢性病 10
第三節 各國對抗肥胖的立法潮流 17
第一項 食品標籤法的營養標示 18
第二項 健康商店計畫 19
第三項 補貼健康食品 20
第四項 城市分區限制法 20
第五項 肥胖者繳高保費 21
第四節 小結 21
第三章 肥胖稅的優劣 21
第一節 各國肥胖稅之概念 23
第二節 肥胖稅的課徵 27
第一項 對脂肪含量課徵肥胖稅 28
第二項 對含糖飲料課肥胖稅 31
第三項 對卡路里課稅 36
第四項 對製造商課肥胖稅 37
第三節 課徵肥胖稅的優點 41
第一項 罪惡稅 41
第二項 家長式主義 42
第三項 對不健康產品課稅 42
第四項 社會貼現率的評估 42
第五項 效率考量:反彈性法則課稅 44
第六項 次佳理論 44
第四節 課徵肥胖稅的缺點 45
第一項 黑市 45
第二項 對低收入社會階層的影響 47
第三項 政府課徵肥胖稅的財政疑慮與企業危機 50
第四項 課肥胖稅不公平 52
第五項 替代品的惡化 53
第六項 對肥胖者造成歧視 54
第七項 干擾自由、個人自主性、低效率 56
第四章 我國課徵「肥胖稅」之立法研議 59
第一節 既遂的立法-食品安全管理法 59
第一項 兒童長期食用之食品廣告及促銷管理辦法 60
第二項 比照美國禁止使用反式脂肪 61
第二節 未遂的立法 65
第一項 立法草案-國民營養法 65
第二項 立法草案-健康促進法 67
第三項 研議委員倡議-高糖飲食捐 75
第五章 結論 77
參考文獻 79

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五、中文網站
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2.潘文涵、吳幸娟、葉志嶸、莊紹源、張新儀、葉乃華、謝耀德,臺灣人飲食與健康之趨勢1993-1996 與 2005-2008 兩次營養健康調查之比較,衛生福利部國民健康署,可參照http://obesity.hpa.gov.tw/TC/researchList.aspx?cid=163,最後造訪:2015.8.26
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4.衛生福利部國民健康署,成人健康體位標準,可參照http://www.hpa.gov.tw/BHPNet/Web/HealthTopic/TopicArticle.aspx?id=201308300012&parentid=201109290001,最後造訪:2015.8.26
六、英文報紙
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6.BUDGET & TAX NEWS, John Skorburg, Oakland Mayor Floats Sin Taxes on Junk Food and Drinking, Feb. 2004
7.BUDGET & TAX NEWS,Sandra Fabry, Newest Sin Tax Targets: Soft Drinks, Vending Machines, Drive-Throughs, Feb. 2007
8.Clyde Farnsworth, Canada Cuts Cigarette Taxes to Fight Smuggling, N.Y. TIMES, Feb. 9, 1994, at A3.
9.Envtl. Health Persp., Scott Fields, Spheres of Influence The Fat of the Land: Do Agricultural Subsidies Foster Poor Health? , vol. 112, No. 14 at A821, Oct. 2004,
10.Fat Was Once the Devil. Now More Nutritionists Are Pointing Accusingly at Sugar, Refined Grains, L.A. Times, at E1, Dec. 20, 2010.
11.Gary Sacks, Denmark Scraps Fat Tax in Another Big Food Victory, November 19, 2012
12.James A. Sadowsky, The Economics of Sin Taxes, RELIGION & LIBERTY, Mar.-Apr. 1994
13.John P. Gamboa, Sin Taxes Give the Market a Bad Rap, DAILY AZTEC, Jan. 30, 2008, at A1
14.Jordan E. Otero, Banking on Sin: States Profit as Taxes Rise on Vice, The Washington Times, Oct. 26, 2011
15.L.A. Times, Molly Hennessy-Fiske & David Zahniser, Council Bans New Fast-Food Outlets, July 30, 2008,
16.N.Y. TIMES , Clyde Farnsworth, Canada Cuts Cigarette Taxes to Fight Smuggling, at A3., Feb. 9, 1994
17.Nat'l Acads ,Reallocation of Health Dollars and New Sources of Funds Needed to Strengthen Nation's Public Health Capacity, Apr. 10, 2012
18.POST-STANDARD ,Why Gov. Spitzer Wants to Raise Taxes--and Revenue--on New Yorkers' Guilty Pleasures, at Al, Feb. 2, 2008
19.R.M. Puhl et al., Perceptions of Weight Discrimination: Prevalence and Comparison to Race and Gender Discrimination in America, Int'l J. of Obesity 32, 992-1000 ,2008
20.RELIGION & LIBERTY, James A. Sadowsky, The Economics of Sin Taxes , Mar.-Apr. ,1994
21.Robert A. Sirico, Sin Taxes: Inferior Revenue Sources, Budget & Tax News, July ,2004
22.Sandra Fabry, Reliance on "Sin" Taxes Draws Opposition, BUDGET & TAX NEWS, June ,2005,
23.Shari Rudavsky, State Has A Plan To Shrink Adult Obesity, Indy Star, Jan. 28, 2011.
24.The Economist, Denmark’s food taxes A fat chance, November 17, 2012
25.The Food Trust, Greening Grocery: Strategies for Sustainable Food Retailing, Spring ,2008
26.Third World L.J.,RACHEL E. MORSE, RESISTING THE PATH OF LEAST RESISTANCE: WHY THE TEXAS "POLE TAX" AND THE NEW CLASS OF MODERN SIN TAXES ARE BAD POLICY, 29 B.C. 189, Winter, 2009.
27.TIME, Study: A 20% ‘Fat Tax’ Would Improve Public Health People are packing on the pounds worldwide, but a recent analysis finds taxing junk food could curb obesity rates. May 16, 2012
28.University Law Review, Rachelle Holmes Perkins, Salience and Sin: Designing Taxes in the New Sin Era, Brigham Young, B.Y.U.L. Rev. 143,2014
29.University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform ,Jennifer L. Pomeranz, JD, MPH, PERSPECTIVES ON PUBLIC HEALTH AND TAXATION: TAXING FOOD AND BEVERAGE PRODUCTS: A PUBLIC HEALTH PERSPECTIVE AND A NEW STRATEGY FOR PREVENTION, 46 U. Mich. J.L. Reform 999, Spring, 2013
30.USA Today, Panel: Obesity Is Century's Greatest Public Health Threat, June 15, 2010
31.World Health Org, Obesity and Overweight: Fact Sheet., May ,2012
七、中文報紙
1.Upaper,丹麥課脂肪稅 民眾囤積奶油披薩…,2011年10月3日6版
2.中國時報,大麥克反式脂肪需51天消化,2015年11月3日
3.中國時報,大麥克反式脂肪需51天消化,2015年11月3日
4.台灣新生報,台灣肥胖率 微幅下降, 2015年12月14日
5.民生報,地球村澳洲醫學會建議 高熱量食品課肥胖稅,2003年6月10日a4版
6.自由時報,垃圾食物健康捐 最快後年上路,2009年12月22日
7.聯合晚報,英國怪點子降低中風率對垃圾食品課脂肪稅,2007年7月13日8版
8.聯合晚報,醫界政界聯手 打擊肥胖 擬課徵高糖飲食捐,2014年7月9日
9.聯合報,汽水徵罪惡稅 歐巴馬支持,2009年9月10日A11
10.聯合報,跟進美國 我2018年禁用人工反式脂肪,2015年9月8日
11.聯合報,對抗兒童肥胖 法擬提高點心稅,2008年10月3日AA2版
12.聯合新聞網,哪些食物含反式脂肪?一張圖帶你看懂,2015年7月2日
13.民報,滋味的自由,2014年11月10日
14.蘋果日報,全球首例 不健康食品 台將課稅,2009年12月21日
八、立法院資料
1.立法院第7屆第4期第16次會議,99年01月05日 ,99卷003期二冊3768號0221-0221頁
2.立法院第7屆第5期第1次會議,2010年02月23日,99卷009期二冊3774號0109-0110頁
3.立法院第7屆第5期第2次會議,99年02月26日,99卷010期3775號0360-0360頁
4.立法院第7屆第5期第3次會議,2010年03月05日,99卷011期3776號0315-0315頁
5.立法院第7屆第5期第6次會議,2010年03月26日,99卷018期3783號0147-0148頁
6.立法院第7屆第5期第8次會議,2010年04月09日,99卷023期3788號0094-0094頁
7.立法院第7屆第2會期第14次會議議案關係文書,1998年12月19日
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