臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

中文摘要
目的:本研究之目的為了解在固定運動強度下同時給予補充高礦物質水，對有氧運動表現能力之影響，同時觀察運動過程中肌肉組織氧合作用與乳酸變化情形。方法：募集10名規律運動訓練之大專男性籃球選手參與，以最大攝氧量為依據，分為高礦物質水以及安慰劑水兩組，再以雙盲實驗與交叉實驗設計方式進行。在基礎值測量過後七天開始正式實驗。實驗當天運動前15分鐘分別補充高礦物質水及安慰劑水（每公斤體重1.8 ml）。隨後以腳踏車方式在80％最大攝氧量強度下運動至耗竭。運動過程中每15分鐘依每公斤體重1.8 ml補充高礦物質水及安慰劑水，並同時測量血乳酸，全程紀錄運動至耗竭肌肉組織氧合作用變化情形。所有受試者在實驗前一天晚餐及實驗當天的所有飲食一致。實驗結束後，受試者休息7天以排除第一次實驗的效應後，兩組受試者交換重新進行一次測試。結果：兩組間骨骼肌帶氧血紅素、骨骼肌去氧血紅素、骨骼肌總血紅素在安靜狀態與運動時無顯著差異。補充高礦物質水組之骨骼肌氧飽和度百分比在運動過程中第15分鐘及18分鐘與安慰劑組有明顯差異。運動過程中兩組之各時間點血乳酸濃度無顯著差異；但發現補充高礦物質水組在運動耗竭後立即乳酸值顯著高於安慰劑組。結論:本實驗發現補充高礦物質水後有助於有氧運動能力表現的提升，此改善的可能與補充高礦物質
水後提高無氧代謝能力有關。
關鍵詞：乳酸、近紅外線光譜儀、最大攝氧量

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the mineral water supplement on skeletal muscle oxygenation and exercise performance; the changes of blood lactate concentration during exercise were observed as well. Methods: Ten male college basketball players were recruited and divided into two trials: placebo and mineral water determined by VO2 max. The study was used the double-blend and cross over design. All subjects were received ether placebo or mineral water (1.8 ml/kg) before 15 minutes experiment begins. In this study, all subjects were underwent 80% VO2 max intensity and performed on the ergometer bike to exhausted. Each 15 minutes collected blood sample for determining the level of blood lactate and supplied the placebo and mineral water (1.8 ml/kg) during exercise, respectively. The changes of oxygenation in skeletal muscle were recorded by NIRS during exercise to exhaust. Subjects were received the same diet during the experiment. Results: The levels of muscle oxy-hemoglobin, dexoy-hemoglobin, and total hemoglobin were not significant difference between in placebo and mineral water trials. The muscle oxygen saturation in mineral water trial was significantly lower than in placebo trial at 15 and 18 minutes during exercise. Blood lactate level was no significant changed between in these two trials during performance, however, the blood lactate concentration was found significantly higher in mineral water trial than in placebo trial after exercise immediately. Conclusions: In this study, we found that mineral water supplementation could improve the aerobic exercise performance; this improvement might be associated with increase the capacity of anaerobic metabolism.

Key Words: lactate, Near Infrared Spectroscopy, NIRS, VO2Max

目錄

原創聲明書............................................... ii
學位考試審定書........................................... iii
中文摘要................................................. iv
英文摘要................................................. vi
謝誌.....................................................viii
目錄.....................................................ix
表目錄...................................................xi
圖目錄...................................................xii
第壹章　緒論............................................. 1
第一節　研究背景...................................1
第二節　研究目的...................................2
第三節　名詞操作性定義............................. 2
第貳章　文獻探討......................................... 5
第一節　海洋深層水的來源............................5
第二節 海洋深層水的特性 ...........................6
第三節 微量元素在人體的重要性 ......................7
第四節 礦物質與運動表現 ...........................8
第參章　研究方法...........................................10
第一節　研究對象....................……...……........10
第二節　研究設計...................................10
第三節　分析方法...................................11
第四節 統計方法...................................12
第肆章　結果............................................. 13
第伍章　結論與建議....................................... 14
第一節　主要發現.................................. 14
第二節　結論......................................18
第三節 建議 .....................................18
參考文獻　................................................19
中文部分..........................................19
外文部分..........................................21

表目錄

表1　運動自覺疲勞量表 Borg- RPE- Scale ........... 27
表2　受試者基本資料 ...............................28

圖目錄

圖1 補充高礦物質水與運動表現之影響……………………………29
圖2 補充高礦物質水對乳酸的影響…………………………………30
圖3 補充高礦物質水對骨骼肌對帶氧血紅素的影響………………31
圖4 補充高礦物質水對骨骼肌對去氧血紅素的影響………………32
圖5 補充高礦物質水對骨骼肌氧飽和度百分比的影響……………33
圖6 補充高礦物質水對骨骼肌總血紅素的影響……………………34

參考文獻
一、中文部份
林文弢 (2000) 。運動訓練生化分析。文化大學出版部，台北市
許志傑 （2013）。塗抹深層海水濃縮礦物質液對肌肉損傷恢復之影響。
未出版碩士論文，臺北市立體育學院，臺北市。
郭子淵 (2001)。應用生理生化指標對備戰第九屆全運會散打運員賽
前運動訓練控制的研究。安徽體育科技，92，64-69。
馮煒權、翁慶章等 (1990)。血乳酸與運動訓練—應用手冊。中國北
京：84。
陽洁、高京、任洪波 （1998）。大運動訓練對柔道運動員血清離子濃
度的影響。 內蒙古師大學報，27(1)，78-80。
彭貴賢（2010）。高地訓練對長跑選手肌肉氧氣飽和度的影響。大專
體育學刊，4（12），99-106。
楊錫讓 (2001) 。運動生理學原理及應用。台北市：文化大學出版部。
潘國樑、簡連貴（2000）。台灣深層海水多目標利用先期研究。經濟
部水資源局。
廖焜福、陳宗與、侯建文（2012）。補充海洋性礦物質對單次高強度
運動後肌肉組織耗氧量的影響。大專體育學刊，14(2)，248
-254。
輔仁大學體育學刊第七期，75-85 (2008) 不同環境溫度運動對中距
離選手運動表現及血乳酸之影響。























二、英文部分
Alejandro H.Orsi,Thomas Whiitworth III,Worth D.Nowlin Jr., (1995) .On the
meridional extent and fronts of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current.Deep Sea
Research. Deep Sea Research Part 1 : Oceanographic Research Papers,
142,641-673
Ahmadi, S., Sinclair, P. J., & Davis, G. M. (2008). Muscle oxygenation after downhill
Walking-induced muscle damage. Clinical Physiology and Functional
Imaging, 28(1), 55-63.
Ahmadi, S., Sinclair, P. J., Foroughi,N., & Davis, G. M. (2008). Monitoring muscle
oxygenation after eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage using
near-infrared spectroscopy. Applied Physiol Nutrition Metabolism,
33 (4), 743-752
Beeln, M., Burke, L. M., Gibala, M. J., & Loon, L. J. C. (2010). Nutritional strategies
to promote Postexercise recovery. International journal of sport nutrition
and exercise metabolism, 20 (6) 515-532
Bigornia, L., & Bihler, I .（1985）. The role of calcium in stimulation of sugar
transport in muscle by lithium. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 816 (2)
,197-207.
Brilla, L. R., & Haley, T. F. (1992, Jun). Effect of magnesium supplementation on
strength training in humans. J Am Coll Nutr, 11(3), 326-329
Brooks, G.. A ., L.Divine - Spurgeon. (1982). Effects of training on oxid ation of
Injected [U-l4C] - lactate in rates duringexercise. InKnuttgn, H. G. J.
Poortmans,and J. A. Vogel (Eds .) , Biochemisty of Exercise, Champaige,
Ill.: Human Kinetice . Cordova, A., & Navas, F. J. (1998). Effect of training
on zinc metabolism: changes inserum and sweat zinc concentrations in
sportsmen. Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism, 42 (5) , 274-282.
Cordova, A., & Escanero, J F.(1991). Influence of lithium and exercise on serum
levels of copper and zinc in rats. Revista Espanola De Fisiologia, 47(2),
87-90
DeLorey DS, Kowalchuk JM, Paterson DH.（2003）. Relationship between pulmonary
O2 uptake kinetics and muscle deoxygenation during moderate - intensity
exercise. J Appl Physiol, 95（1）, 113–120.。
Edwards, A. M., Mann, M. E., Marfell - Jones, M. J., Rankin, D. M., Noakes, T. D.,
& Shillington, D.P. (2007). Influence of moderate dehydration onsoccer
performance: Physiological responses to 45 min of outdoor match - play
and the Immediatesubsequent performance of sport-specific andmental
concentration tests. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41 (6) 385-391
Ferari., M., Mottola, L., & Quaresima, V . (2004) Principles,techniques,and
limitations of near infrared spectroscopy. Applied Physiology
,Nutrition,and Metabolism, 29 (4) 463-487.
François H, Nina O, Quam N, Jocelyn D, Paul K.（2008）Arterial flow measurements
during reactive hyperemia using NIRS, Physiol. Meas., 29（9）, 1033 -1040.
Hooper, L., Bartlett, C., Smith, G. D., & Ebrahim, S. (2002). Systematic review of
long term effects of advice to reduce dietary salt in adults. Bmj,
325(7365)628.
Hultman ,E ., & Saholm , K. (1980) . Acid-base balance during exercise.
Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews , 8 , 41 - 128 .
Kies CV, Driskell JA, eds. Sports nutrition: minerals and electrolytes. Boca Raton,
FL: CRC Press, 179–87.
Krotkiewski, M., Gudmundsson, M., Backstrom, P., & Mandroukas, K. (1982) . Zinc
and muscle strength and endurance. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 116
(3) , 309-311.
Lukaski, H. C. (2004) . Vitamin and mineral status: Effects on physical performance.
Nutrition, 20 (7-8) , 632-644.
Lukaski, H. C., ＆ Nielsen, F. H. (2002) . Dietary Magnesium depletion affects
metabolic responses during submaximal exercise in postmenopausal
women.journal of Nutrition, 132 (5) , 930-935
Lukaski, H. C. (2000, Aug) . Magnesium, zinc, and chromium nutriture and physical
activity. Am J Clin Nutr, 72 (2 Suppl) , 585S-593S.
Lukaski, H. C., Siders, W. A.,Hoverson, B. S., ＆ Gallagher,s.k.（1996）. Iron
, copper, magnesium and zinc status as predictors of swimming
performance. International. Journal of Sports Medicine, 17（7）, 535-540
Lukaski, H. C. (2000). Magnesium, zinc, andchromium nutriture and physical
activity. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 72 (2) , 585S-593S
Lukaski, H. C., Siders, W. A., Hoverson ,B. S., ＆ Gallagher, s. k.（1996）. Iron,
copper,magnesium and zinc status as predictors of swimming performance.
Machefer, G., Groussard, C., Vincent, S., Zouhal, H., Faure, H., Cillard, J.,
et al. (2007) . Multivitamin-mineral supplementation prevents lipid
peroxidation during “The Marathon des Sables”. Journal of the American
College of Nutrition, 26 (2) , 111-120
Manuel y Keenoy, B., Moorkens, G., Vertommen, J., Noe, M., Neve, J., & De Leeuw
, I. (2000) . Magnesium status and parameters of the oxidant - antioxidant
balance in patients with chronic fatigue：Effects of supplementation with
magnesium Journal of the American College of Nutrition 19 (3) , 374-382
Machefer, G., Groussard, C., Vincent, S., Zouhal, H., Faure, H., Cillard, J., et al.
(2007). Multivitamin-mineral supplementation prevents lipid peroxidation
during “The Marathon des Sables”. Journal of the American College of
Nutrition, 26(2), 111-120
Paik, I Y., Jeong, M. H., Jin, H. E., Kim, Y. I., Suh, A. R., Cho, S. Y., et al. (2009) .
Fluid replacement following dehydration reduce oxidative strwss during
recovery. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 383 (1),
103-107.
Shirreffs, S. M., Taylor, A. J., Leiper, J. B., & Maughan, R. J. (1996). Post-exercise
rehydration in man: Effects of volume consumed and drink sodium content.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 28 (10) , 1260-1271.
Singh, A., Smoak, B. L., Patterson, K. Y., LeMay, L. G., Veillon, C., & Deuster, P.
A.(1991). Biochemical indices of selected trace minerals in men: effect of
stress.American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 53 (1) , 126-131.
Twiggs, A. M. (1995) . Modern nutrition in health and disease,8th edition.journal df
Human Lactation, 11 (2) , 148.
Vallee. B. L., & Falchuk, K. H. (1993) . The biochemical basis of zinc
physionlogy. physiological Reviews ,73 (1) , 79-118.
Wohl, M. G., & Goodhart, R. S. (1956) . Modern nutrition in health and disease：
Dietotherapy.Southern Medical Journal, 49 (9) , 1090.