臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在流通零售業的一般作業中，商品的存貨控制一直是個重要的課題，因為良好的存貨控制才能反應實際上的銷售利潤。而實行存貨控制的方法，從傳統的人工直接盤點到商品加上條碼後進行盤點，精確性與效率都在逐漸提升。近年來RFID也開始應用於其中，而由於RFID的主動式特性，不僅保有精確性，更提升了盤點的效率。
而在零售業盤點的環境中，其特性是同時間進行盤點的商品數量較多，根據之前的相關研究，在兼顧準確性及安全性後，可能因為傳遞資料量增加而降低了效率。2008年，Tan、Sheng & Li提出了TRP(Trusted Reader Protocol)協定，不同於之前許多研究，這個方法能夠提升效率顧及安全性但又能保有一定的準確性。並且再提出UTRP(UnTrusted Reader Protocol)協定，針對TRP所無法克服的問題，提出更進一步的解決方式。
然而，在詳細分析兩種方法後，都發現兩者有損失程度多寡的問題，對於實際上的應用，可能會造成準確度上相當大的影響，因此我們參考EPC目前的規格，使用目前已經能達到的功能，針對於TRP進行改良，如此可以解決原來精確性不足的問題。而UTRP，由於其計算量大，在分析過後，我們提出回到TRP的方式，再加入讀取器的識別資訊，用以解決TRP無法克服的問題。
本篇文章中，我們討論了TRP與UTRP，特別是應用情境及協定限制，然後進行了提升準確性的改良，主要是希望可以將RFID應用在商品盤點的即時監控中，能夠脫離傳統盤點的方法，發揮RFID的快速辨識特性，增加商品盤點的次數來達到可在營業中監控商品的存在狀況。除了改善盤點作業的準確性及效率之外，更兼顧安全性。不僅能在營業中即時掌握商品動態，將顧客同時購物所可能造成的商品數量誤差考慮進來，以即時掌握營業中商品的存貨狀況，並且能夠預防內部工作人員的偷竊行為，達到安全的目的。

In the general circulation of retail operations, stock control of goods has always been an important issue, a proper stock control is the key of manifesting the cost and profit responding to actual sales. And the implementation of inventory control methods, from traditional manual counting, to the use of bar-code scanner, the accuracy and efficiency are gradually enhanced. In recent years, the use of RFID also began to play an important role. And because of the active characteristic of RFID, not only to maintain accuracy, but also enhance efficiency of inventory.
Inventory in the retail environment, its characteristics are a larger number of goods being taken inventory at the same time. According to previous research, in both accuracy and security, it may lower the efficiency due to the increase of the amount of data being transferred. In 2008, Tan, Sheng & Li proposed TRP (Trusted Reader Protocol) agreement, unlike many previous studies, this method can enhance efficiency and maintain security while retaining a certain degree of accuracy. And further proposed UTRP (UnTrusted Reader Protocol) agreement, try to resolve those problems TRP agreement can not overcome.
However, after a thorough examination of both methods, we have found that both of them have the issue of loss at varies degrees. This can significantly effect the accuracy of inventory. So we refer to the current EPC specifications, using functions which is currently capable of, to carry out improvements on TRP, and to solve the original problem of insufficient accuracy. The UTRP, due to its large volume of calculation, after the analysis, we propose a solution based on TRP and include the reader identity information, to solve TRP insurmountable problems.
In this article, we discuss the TRP and UTRP protocol, particularly in the situational context and the technical limitations. Then we carry out the improvements on how to enhance accuracy. Mainly we hope that the use of RFID real-time monitoring can get us out of the old-fashion way of inventory. By utilizing the rapid identification characteristics of RFID, to increase the number of times of inventory thus achieve instant monitoring of stock situation in the presence of on-going business.
In addition to improving the accuracy and efficiency of inventory, also to achieve better security. Not only in real-time control of stock, but also taking account of on-going customer shopping during business hours. By all measures of constant monitoring of goods, thus to prevent the internal theft of employees to achieve security.

第一章 緒論 1
第一節 背景介紹 1
第二節 相關研究 3
第2.1節 計數法 3
第2.2節 收集法 5
第2.3節 TRP 6
第三節 環境說明 8
第二章 Trusted Reader Protocol(TRP) 9
第一節 TRP說明 9
第二節 TRP分析 11
第三節 基於TRP的改良設計 13
第四節 TRP的問題 17
第三章 UnTrusted Reader Protocol 19
第一節 UTRP說明 19
第二節 UTRP分析 21
第三節 UTRP協定的設計缺失 22
第四節 基於UTRP的改良設計 23
第四章 分析 26
第五章 結論 30
參考文獻 31
附錄－發表的論文 33

中文期刊論文
1.許文誠，“行動無線通訊應用於零售業盤點作業之研究—以西點麵包零售業為例”，淡江大學，2003。

中文網路資源
2.陳啟煌，“RFID原理與應用”，國立台灣大學計算機及資訊網路中心電子報，http://www.cc.ntu.edu.tw/chinese/epaper/0002/20070920_2005.htm，2007年9月。
3.行政院主計處，“行業標準分類”，http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/lp.asp?CtNode=3213&CtUnit=566&BaseDSD=7，2006年5月。
4.Asiainfo，“分散式監控系統之概念”， http://www.asia-info.net/detail_mech.asp?id=919。
5.維基百科，“條型碼的發展歷史”， http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A2%9D%E7%A2%BC。

英文圖書
6.Philip Kotler, “Marketing management: Analysis, planning, implementation, and control”, 1997。

英文期刊論文
7.D. Henrici and P. Muller, “Hash-based Enhancement of Location Privacy for Radio-Frequency Identification Devices using Varying Identifiers”, Proceedings of the Second IEEE Annual Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops, pp.149-153, Mar, 2004.
8.Richard Hollinger, “2008 National Retail Security Survey : Preliminary Results”, A Town Hall Meeting with Dr. Richard Hollinger, 2008
9.S. M. Lee, Y. J. Hwang, D. H. Lee, and J. I. Lim, “Efficient Authentication for Low-Cost RFID systems”, International Conference on Computational Science and its Applications - ICCSA 2005, pp.619-627, 2005.
10.Alex X. Liu and LeRoy A. Bailey, "PAP: A privacy and authentication protocol for passive RFID tags", Computer Communications, Vol. 32, No. 7-10, pp. 1194-1199, May28, 2009.
11.C. C. Tan, B. Sheng, and Q. Li, “How to Monitor for Missing RFID Tags”, The 28th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, 2008.
12.S. Weis, S. Sarma, R. Rivest and D. Engels, “Security and Privacy Aspects of Low-Cost Radio Frequency Identification Systems”, in 1st Intern. Conference on Security in Pervasive Computing (SPC), Boppard, Germany, March 12-14, 2003.

英文網路資源
13.EPCglobal, http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards/ .
14.A Town Hall Meeting with Dr. Richard Hollinger , “2008 Nation Retail Security Survey: 2008 Nation Retail Security Survey”, Nation Retail Federation, http://www.nrf.com/Attachments.asp?id=25036&rid=984555 .