臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

傳統網路架構正面臨重大的革新，隨著軟體定義網路（Software-Defined Networking，SDN）與網路功能虛擬化(Network Functions Virtualization，NFV)，這兩項嶄新的概念被提出之後，各國網路設備商、電信營運商、晶片設計廠，紛紛投入大量研究資源，參與規格制定與技術研發。SDN將網路分為控制層（Control plane）與資料層（Data plane），透過控制器(Controller)軟體對控制層進行集中式的網路管理，目前以開放網路基金會(Open Networking Foundation，ONF)所推動的OpenFlow為主流技術，作為控制層與資料層之通訊協定。NFV則由歐洲通訊標準協會(European Telecommunications Standards Institute，ETSI)成立的NFV產業規格小組(Industry Specification Group，ISG)進行NFV技術研究與規格化，旨在將各式網路元件如:路由器、防火牆、負載均衡器等網路功能，從專屬的硬體設備中抽離，利用虛擬化技術，轉換成虛擬網路功能(Virtual Network Function，VNF)並透過軟體方式，部署於網路功能虛擬化基礎設施(NFV Infrastructure，NFVI)。本論文根據ETSI提出的NFV 結構框架(NFV Architecture Framework) 於中央大學、成功大學及國家高速網路中心，建置一個大型智能NFV/SDN跨網域測試平台Linct (Large-scale Intelligent NFV/SDN Cross-domain Testbed)並設計實作一NFV資源調度器-Linct Orchestrator，除了對NFVI與VNF的資源利用率與系統狀況進行監測外，也提供VNF的負載均衡及VNF的高可用性模組。本論文提出基於向量VNF部署機制應用於NFVI負載均衡(Vector-Based VNF Deployment Mechanism for NFVI Load Balance ，VBVD)機制，此機制根據各NFVI目前的資源利用率進行計算，選擇最適部署VNF之NFVI，以達到平台內所有NFVI負載均衡與單一NFVI資源利用最佳化及避免資源超載。

Traditional network architecture is facing a revolution. The Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Functions Virtualization (NFV), two new network concepts have been proposed, network equipment manufacturers, telecom operators, IC design house, have invested a lot of research resources, participation in the development of specification.
SDN decouples the control plane and data plane, through the Controller application for centralized network management. Currently OpenFlow which promote by Open Networking Foundation (ONF) is the mainstream SDN communication protocol and it as a communication of control plane and data plane. European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) established NFV Industry Specification Group (ISG) were NFV technology research and specification, aimed at all kinds of network components such as: routers, firewalls, load balancing and other network functions, from a specific hardware device pulled out, the use of virtualization technology, convert to Virtual Network Function (VNF) and through software approach, deployed in the NFV Infrastructure (NFVI).
In this paper, according to the NFV Architecture Framework proposed by ETSI to build a Linct (Large-scale Intelligent NFV / SDN Cross -domain Testbed) on National Central University (NCU), National Cheng Kung University (NCKU) and National Center for High-performance Computing (NCHC) and design and implement NFV resource Orchestrator - Linct Orchestrator, to monitor resource utilization and system status from NFVI and VNF, provide VNF load balancing and high availability module. This paper proposed Vector-Based VNF Deployment Mechanism for NFVI Load Balance (VBVD) mechanism, this mechanism will be calculated based on each NFVI current resource utilization, to choose the most appropriate NFVI and deploy VNF on it, in order to achieve load balancing for all NFVI in testbed and optimize the use of resources and avoid resources overloading for single NFVI.

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 概要 1
1.2 研究動機 3
1.3 研究目的 4
1.4 章節架構 5
第二章 背景知識與相關研究 6
2.1 軟體定義網路與OpenFlow通訊協定 6
2.1.1 傳統網路傳輸的限制 6
2.1.2 軟體定義網路的概念 8
2.1.3 軟體定義網路的實現 9
2.2 網路功能虛擬化 12
2.2.1 網路服務部署的限制 12
2.2.2 網路功能虛擬化的概念 13
2.2.3 網路功能虛擬化的實現 14
2.3 虛擬網路功能之部署 17
2.4 即時影音串流服務 19
2.5 相關研究之比較 20
第三章 研究方法 22
3.1 系統架構與設計 22
3.1.1 Linct 平台架構 22
3.1.2 Linct Orchestrator系統架構 24
3.2 系統運作流程與機制 35
3.2.1 Performance Statistics Collector模組運作流程 35
3.2.2 VNF Health Checker模組運作流程 37
3.2.3 VNF Overload Detector模組運作流程 39
3.2.4 Load Balancing 與High Availability Module模組運作流程 41
3.2.5 Vector-Based VNF Deployment Mechanism for NFVI Load Balance (VBVD)運作流程 44
第四章 實驗與討論 48
4.1 實驗環境 48
4.2 情境一 Linct平台功能測試 52
4.2.1 實驗一 Virtual Network網路頻寬測試 52
4.2.2 實驗二 LAN Network網路頻寬測試 54
4.2.3 實驗三 SDN Network 網路頻寬測試 56
4.2.4 實驗四 NFVI資源使用率監測 58
4.2.5 實驗五 VNF系統效能監測測試 58
4.2.6 實驗六 VNF網路流量監測測試 60
4.2.7 實驗七 VNF健康檢測測試 60
4.2.8 實驗八 VNF部署測試 62
4.3 情境二 即時影音串流服務測試 64
4.3.1 實驗九 影音內容傳輸測試 65
4.3.2 實驗十 即時影音串流廣播測試 66
4.3.3 實驗十一 即時影音串流服務壓力測試 67
4.4 情境三 VNF部署演算法比較 71
4.4.1 實驗十二VNF部署利用Minimizing Angle演算法 71
4.4.2 實驗十三 VNF部署利用Least Used演算法 72
4.4.3 實驗十四 VNF部署利用VBVD機制 73
4.5 情境四 VNF高可用性測試 75
4.5.1 實驗十五 VNF單點故障測試 75
第五章 結論 77
參考文獻 79

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