臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要探討利用參數設計方法模擬充氣塑形，取代傳統模具得以降低其製作成本。傳統灌注或噴塗一非平面形體，需要原始模型實體翻模，或者用大於模型量體進行削切，造成大量原料的耗費。透過參數設計並利用彈性材料重複利用的特性，降低產生耗材，製造規格類似卻富有多樣性之曲面造型。
實驗的首要步驟須設定曲面的數位模型，分析曲面控制之延展程度，爾後使用參數化建模的數學邏輯，轉化成得以製造之二維非彈性材料，以彈性材料上疊合非彈性材料充氣塑形。最後，將在相同的材料特性以不同的分割方式生產出之模型，與原型相互比對檢討進行歸納整理。
受充氣特性及材料性質的影響，在設定原始數位模型時，並非任意自由曲面皆能成功塑形，在初始設定的曲率、高度有一定的限度。除了需控制曲面上曲率分佈不得有極端數值，分布情形也需均勻變化，曲面便能製造成功的機率將會大幅提升。

This research demonstrates parametric design through the use of pneumatic forming. This technique replaces traditional molds by significantly reducing material waste and manufacturing costs. In general, traditional casting and spraying on a non-planar surface require either making a copy of the prototype which needs extra materials or trimming the material which has a larger volume than itself. Both ways can cause substantial waste of materials compared to the use of pneumatic forming. With parametric design and the reusable properties of elastic material, we can manufacture a variety of complex curved shells while reducing material waste.
The first step of the experiment is to set the digital model of the surface and analyze the degree of the surface extension. It is then transformed into a two-dimensional inelastic material that can be manufactured by using the mathematical logic of parametric modeling. Next, superimpose the inelastic material on the elastic material to inflate. This will also be repeated to create a secondary prototype using a different shape for the inelastic material. Finally, summarize and compare the prototype and design models.
Due to the inflation characteristics and material properties, not all free-form surfaces can be shaped successfully and the results may vary from the digital model. There are certain parameters when setting the initial curvature and height in the digital model. More specifically, the value in the curvature distribution on the curved surface should be in a particular range and the values in such curvature also needs to be gradually distributed. After taking these into consideration, the probability of success is greatly improved when manufacturing the curved surface.

1. 緒論 1
1.1. 研究背景與動機 1
1.1.1. 曲面造型的困境 1
1.1.2. 模具開發的繁雜 1
1.1.3. 參數化設計改變繪圖方式 2
1.1.4. 建築材料的演進 2
1.2. 研究目標 3
1.3. 研究流程與架構 3
2. 文獻回顧與案例探討 4
2.1. 相關案例分析 4
2.1.1. 國內曲面模具研究論文 4
2.1.2. 國外曲面研究案例 6
2.1.3. 充氣薄殼建築案例 8
2.2. 相關論述回顧 12
2.2.1. 膨脹材料(Auxetic Material) 12
2.2.2. 保角映射(Conformal mapping) 15
2.2.3. 曲率分析(主曲率、高斯曲率) 16
3. 充氣成形的實作測試(三角形、鋸齒) 17
3.1. 設計與施作流程 17
3.1.1. 材料及器材 17
3.1.2. 製作過程 17
3.2. 曲面分析 19
3.2.1. 三角形連結 19
3.2.2. 鋸齒狀連結 24
3.3. 討論 27
4. 充氣成形的實作測試(縱橫向) 28
4.1. 設計與施作流程 28
4.1.1. 材料及器材 28
4.1.2. 製作過程 28
4.2. 曲面分析 29
4.2.1. 縱橫向連結 29
4.3. 討論 30
5. 結論與建議 32
5.1. 研究成果 32
5.1.1. 數位模型與實體模型比較 32
5.1.2. 動態模擬與實體模型比較 36
5.2. 後續研究 38
5.2.1. 研究方法 38
5.2.2. 未來發展 39
6. 參考文獻 40

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