臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文應運而生於當今全球對環境、社會與治理（ESG）和永續發展目標（SDGs）議題的日益升溫之際。著眼於全球環境管理技術領域的創新，並針對中國、日本、美國三大經濟體在環境技術創新及專利策略的表現，同時探討我國在此全球趨勢中的策略定位與創新潛力。目的在於揭示這些國家在全球環境治理領域的角色及策略，並評估我國在環境技術發展上的機遇與挑戰。
本研究選擇Espacenet資料庫作為主要的資訊來源，並借鑒OECD Environment Working Papers的檢索策略，聚焦於空氣、水、廢棄物處理等重要環境技術領域進行分析。透過對比分析法和卡方分析，評估不同技術領域的專利活動，以全面了解全球環境技術的創新及地理市場的趨勢。
研究發現，過去近四十年間，全球在環境技術領域的專利申請量顯著增長，特別是自2000年代初期起。此趨勢反映了國際社會對於環境問題的重視和對技術創新的積極追求。中國、日本和美國在環境管理技術領域展現出顯著的領導地位，其中又以中國的專利數量尤為突出，顯示其技術創新與市場需求的活躍。此外，我國在某些領域顯示出潛在的發展空間，透過加強投資和發展，有望在全球環境治理中發揮更積極的角色。

This thesis emerges amidst the global emphasis on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It focuses on environmental management technology innovations, scrutinizing the efforts of China, Japan, the United States, and Taiwan's strategic role in this realm. The study aims to discern their contributions to global environmental governance and evaluate Taiwan's potential in technological advancements.
Utilizing the Espacenet database and a search strategy from OECD Environment Working Papers, the research concentrates on pivotal areas like air, water, and waste management technologies. Applying comparative and chi-square analyses, it gauges patent activities to unfold global environmental technology trends.
The findings reveal a marked increase in environmental technology patents over the past four decades, accelerating since the early 2000s. This surge underscores the international community's commitment to addressing environmental challenges and fostering innovation. Among the examined nations, China demonstrates a commanding presence in patent applications, signaling robust market demand and innovation. Concurrently, Taiwan exhibits emerging potential in specific sectors, indicating its growing relevance in global environmental discourse. The study underscores the urgency for Taiwan to escalate its involvement in environmental technology to align with global standards and contribute significantly to international environmental governance.

摘　要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌　謝 III
目　錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 X
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景 1
一、 全球環境保護議題的演化與國際協議 1
二、 ESG的歷史演進與重要性 2
三、 永續發展：概念與實踐 3
四、 環境污染對於ESG的影響 4
五、 應對ESG挑戰：行動方案與技術創新 5
第二節 研究動機 7
一、 我國環境污染防治政策的現狀與挑戰 7
二、 企業對環境污染處理的態度與技術發展 8
三、 環境污染處理技術專利申請的趨勢與影響 11
四、 我國與國際企業在環境專利申請的差異 12
第三節 研究目的 14
第四節 研究範疇 15
一、 環境污染的多元範疇與本研究聚焦的領域 15
二、 環境管理技術專利的申請人類別 16
三、 專利檢索的時間範疇 16
四、 專利資料庫的選擇：Espacenet及其應用 17
第二章 文獻探討 18
第一節 專利的角色與影響 18
一、 專利策略與企業競爭力 18
二、 專利與全球產業發展 18
第二節 專利資訊與技術分析 19
一、 技術能力的衡量指標 19
（一） 專利數量與技術創新能力 19
（二） 專利數量與市場佔有率的相關性 20
二、 專利資訊的組成及分析意義 21
第三節 技術生命週期（TLC）的評估 23
第四節 專利價值評估與管理 25
一、 專利價值與資產評估 26
二、 管理專利與市場策略 26
第五節 專利與公司治理 27
一、 公司治理對專利創新的影響 27
二、 專利資產的會計處理 28
第六節 環境污染處理技術 28
一、 ESG與環境污染議題 28
二、 環境污染物的分類及影響 31
三、 環境污染處理技術的領域與應用 31
四、 環境創新專利分類法 32
第七節 專利檢索策略 34
一、 專利分類系統於國際比較中的應用 34
二、 美國專利審查手冊（MPEP）檢索策略 34
三、 不同學者關於專利檢索策略的研究與方法 35
四、 專利分類碼檢索的有效性 36
第三章 研究方法 37
第一節 方法設計與研究架構 37
一、 研究類型 37
二、 研究流程 37
三、 研究架構 38
四、 各要素的定義與關係論述 39
第二節 專利資料庫選擇 40
第三節 專利檢索式設計 42
一、 檢索國家 42
二、 時間範圍 42
三、 分類碼的選擇 43
四、 完整檢索式 43
第四節 檢索結果準確性的評估方法 46
第五節 資料分析方法 46
一、 技術能力的比較 46
二、 數據收集與處理流程 47
三、 技術生命週期的進展 47
四、 國內外專利申請行為差異 48
第六節 研究限制 48
一、 各國經濟與制度差異 48
二、 專利申請到公開的時間延遲 49
三、 專利數量作為衡量技術能力的侷限性 49
第四章 研究結果 51
第一節 全球環境管理綠色專利之總體分析 53
一、 全球環境管理技術創新時序 53
二、 全球環境管理專利地理分布 54
三、 全球環境管理專利申請者國籍分析 56
四、 全球環境管理技術市場引領者剖析 57
五、 全球環境管理專利總體之綜合小結 59
第二節 全球五大環境管理技術個別之專利分析 60
一、 全球五大技術個別主要分類號 60
二、 全球五大技術個別發展時序 65
三、 全球五大技術專利個別地理分布 74
四、 全球五大技術專利個別之申請者國籍分析 85
五、 全球五大技術專利個別之市場引領者辨析 96
第三節 中國、日本、美國環境管理技術專利之地區性分析 113
一、 中日美三國五大技術專利之主要分類號 113
二、 中日美三國五大技術專利之個別時序發展 120
三、 中日美五大技術專利之個別領域申請者國籍分析 136
四、 中日美五大技術專利之個別領域市場領導者解析 165
第四節 我國五大技術專利之國內外企業申請趨勢之差異性評估 190
一、 我國空氣污染防治專利 190
二、 我國水污染防治專利 192
三、 我國廢棄物管理專利 195
四、 我國土壤修復專利 196
五、 我國環境監測專利 198
六、 國內外企業在我國五大環境管理技術專利申請的差異性評估結論 201
第五章 結論與建議 203
一、 結論 203
二、 建議 222

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