臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　燃油飛灰為燃燒重油的火力發電廠及工業鍋爐之集塵裝置所捕集的飛灰，其大體上
是由未完全燃燒之多孔質碳粒、氧化物以及水溶性的硫酸鹽所構成之廢棄物，目前國內
飛灰的發生量，依重油的消耗量推估約有4萬3千噸／年左右。
　　本研究以協和及大林電廠之靜電集塵器所捕集的燃油飛灰為研究對象，首先就飛灰
進行基本物理化學性質測定，藉以評估其對環境之影響程度，其次藉由浸漬的手段，探
討釩、鎳之溶出行為，並因而獲得浸漬殘渣碳粒，再對此殘渣碳粒測定其特性，最後將
此殘渣碳粒應用於染整廢水的處理，探討其吸附行為。
　　實驗結果顯示，燃油飛灰中約含有釩0.61∼1.67％、鎳0.48∼0.81％、碳40∼60％
、氨根5∼11％以及硫酸根22∼29％等有價成分。就大林樣品而言，於室溫下經研磨浸漬
24小時，可溶離出12.5％的釩及40.2％的鎳，所得殘渣之碳品位為82.8％。而於沸點，
以2N的硫酸浸漬2小時，可溶離出88.5％的釩及40.2％的鎳，所得殘渣之碳品位為91.9％。
　　以研磨殘渣碳粒處理壓染廠排放之廢水，其脫色率可達99％，處理後的排放水已近
乎透明（透視度＞30 cm），COD之去除率可達80％以上。而處理染整廢水後之浸漬殘渣，
其熱值在7000 kcal/kg左右，此與煤炭的熱值相當，因此殘渣碳粒兼具有處理廢水以及回
收熱能的價值。

　　Oil-fired fly ash is collected from dust-collecter which is operated on burning heavy-oil power plant and industry boilers. The waste is constituted of unburned carbon, oxide and water soluble sulfate. In accordance with heavy-oil consumption, it was estimated that the annual production of oil-fired fly ash was about 43,000 tons in Taiwan.
　　The object of this reserch was EP oil-fired fly ash, which was sampling from power plant. Firstly, the essential physical and chemical characters were in vestingated. Secondary, the dissolved behavior of vanadium and nickel was investigated by mean of leaching method. The leaching residue contained a large of carbon which was called "residual carbon". And the residual carbon''s properties were determined. Finally, the residual carbon was apply to treat textile wastewater, and then probing into adsorptive behavior.
　　The results of experimental works showed that the oil-fired fly ash containing valuable materials inculding 0.61∼1.67% V, 0.48∼0.81% Ni, 40∼65% C, 5∼11% NH4- and 22∼29% So42- etc.. After grinding and leaching at room temp for 24 hr., 12.5% V and 40.2% Ni were dissloved, and the grade of residual carbon was 82.8%. However, leaching by 2N H2SO4 for 2 hr, it could be dissloved 88.5% V and 40.2% Ni, and the grade of residual carbon was 91.9%.
　　Using residual carbon to treat dying effluent, it could obtain 99% color removal, and over 80% COD removal. After treating effluent, the residual carbon''s heat value was about 7000 kcal/kg that could be used to recover thermal energy by incineration. That is, the residual carbon not only contained color and COD removed ability but also could be used to recover thermal energy.