臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要目的在於發展三維尤拉 (Eulerian) 格點化模式， 以有限差
分的技巧，模擬非反應性污染物在大氣中的傳輸和擴散，首先對三種水平
對流數值解法 (SHASTA ， Smolarkiewicz ， Taylor-Galerkin) 進行驗
證工作，再輸入實際狀況之污染源資料、氣象資料及風場，配合三維擴散
模式， 選定 82 年 9 月 21 、 22 日二天個案，模擬台北地區一氧化碳
的濃度值變化，並與各測站監測值比較，以驗證模式的適用性。模擬結果
顯示， SHASTA scheme 所模擬最大值濃度，拉低現象最嚴重，
Taylor- Galerkin scheme 的質量守恒比和質量分配比最好，垂直向以隱
性 Crank-Nicson 模擬之濃度值， 經積分至 x-z 平面後與 Cross wind
integal 解析解比較， 發現 Smolarkiewicz scheme 的平均誤差最小；
實際個案中模擬結果普遍低估，與觀測值比較之誤差，台北縣以萬里站
6.3 % 最小；台北市則以松山站 6.2% 為最小。

The objective of this study is to develop a three
dimensional Eulerian grid model for urban air
pollution application. This model employs finite difference
method to simulate the transport and diffusion of non-
reaction pollutants in atmosphere. Three advection
solvers, namely, SHASTA 、 Smolarkiewicz and Taylor-
Galerkin, were adapted in this program. A comparison of three
numerical schemes were made by compared with analytical
solution. The results show that Taylor-Galerkin scheme
performs best among three advection solvers. The minimum
averaged errors were estimated by Smolarkiewicz scheme. This
program is applied to a practical case in taipei area.
The required input data, including emission rate of
pollutants, meteorological and quality data were
collected form routine observations. The performance of
relative errors between simulations and observations are
ranged form 6.2% to 61.7%.