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As air traffic congestion grows, ground-holding of aircraft is
becomingincreasingly common. The "ground-holding policy problem"
(GHPP) is todecide which flights should be delayed on the ground
before take-off andby how much, in order to minimize the cost of
delays. This study is the first attemp to address the single-
airport GHPP whiletaking into account the equality among various
types of aircrafts. Bothdeterministic and stochastic versions of
GHPP are discussed and solvedstatically in this study. Two
integer programming models are formulated.These models try to
minimize total costs while satisfying the constraintsof airport
capacity and network effects. The total costs include
airbornefuel cost, ground fuel cost, passenger cost, and penalty
cost. The penaltyis for adjusting the equality explicitly. A
heuristic algorithm is developed and tested. The results show
that thesolutions obtained by the heuristic algorithm are very
close to the exactones. The computation time, however, is
significantly reduced by using theheuristic algorithm. A case
study of the GHPP for Sungshan airport is conducted. Three
differentcapacity scenarios, normal condition, switching to
Runway 28, and airportclosing, are analyzed. We discuss the
performance of the GHPP with and withoutthe consideration of
equality compared to the "passive" strategy of no ground-
holding. A sensitivity analysis for various penalty costs and
airborne costsis conducted.The numerical results indicate that
the ground-holding policy can effectivelyreduce the total costs.
The model with the consideration of equality is usefulfor
improving the fairness of delay distribution among various types
ofaircrafts. Current air traffic flow management strategy is
also compared withthe one developed by the GHPP.
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