臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

台灣地區由於水資源的需求日漸增加，目前已有不再增加農業用水總
量的共識。復因 政府推行「稻米生產及稻米轉作計畫」，使得稻作面積
逐年減少，並且未來我國若加入世界貿易組織(GATT/WTO)後，水稻可能減
產，因而造成水田的使用方式將有所改變。水田除了生產稻米之貢獻，尚
有涵養水資源的功能，其中稻米的貢獻可由市場經濟反應出來，而涵養水
資源的功能卻因為無市場而難以表現其價值。
本文擬以短期降雨逕流模式來評估水田的蓄留功能，結果發現田埂高度對
於調節洪峰流量、延遲出流時間有相當大的影響。在長期推估方面，以水
文水平衡的概念，來說明由於水稻田的存在所具有的價值，並就轉作旱田
及休耕的狀況來作一比較，結果發現由於水田的存在使得深層滲漏量增加
，逕流量減少。就嘉義地區而言，水田的逕流量在所有損失量（蒸發散
量+深層滲漏量+逕流量）佔27%，旱田則高達55%左右。若水稻在休耕後仍
保有原田埂高，也將具有減少逕流量之效果。

Recently, a consensus is reached that the increase of the
demand of the water resources in Taiwan would limit the
quantity of the agricultural water use in status, or even
reduced. Furthermore, the join of the GATT/WTO would probably
lead to a reduction of rice in Taiwan, which could change the
cultivation pattern of paddy field. Paddy field is regarded as
an important player in the conservancy of water resources.
Besides rice production, the effect of paddy field on
environment includes the increase on groundwater recharge
and the remediation of floods. However, not like the rice
production,the conservancy of the environment is not
quantifiable. This study investigates the effects of
paddy field on groundwater recharge and flood remediation.
The results show a significant increase of runoff and a decrease
of groundwater recharge when paddy field is converted into other
uses.