臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

利用核多角體病毒防治斜紋夜蛾時，常因致死時間過長，無法彰顯其防治
效果。本論文測試添加化學藥品及顆粒體病毒以提高核多角體病毒對害蟲
之致死能力，及縮短其致死時間。首先測試五種核多角體病毒，獲知對斜
紋夜蛾幼蟲致病力最強的病毒為斜紋夜蛾核多角體病毒。選取數種藥品包
括congo red、sorbic acid、boric acid、lecithin、phosphatidyl
ethanolamine、phosphatidyl choline、leucophor及fluorescent
brightener 28等，進行其對斜紋夜蛾核多角體病毒增效作用之測試。結
果在細胞培養液中分別添加上述幾種化學藥品之中的congo red、sorbic
acid、boric acid、lecithin、leucophor及fluorescent brightener
28等六種藥品，僅在添加0.01 %之化學藥品時，細胞方可維持正常生長。
進行TCID50 測試，結果添加0.01 %之化學藥品可以降低TCID50 ，其效果
以添加0.01 %之sorbic acid 及boric acid為最佳。在斜紋夜蛾幼蟲的活
體試驗中，取純化之斜紋夜蛾核多角體病毒，與數種供試藥品分別混合後
，感染斜紋夜蛾三齡幼蟲，10天後，記錄死亡率，並與未添加其他藥品之
對照組比較。結果增效作用較強的化學藥品計有 leucophor、
fluorescent brightener 28、lecithin 、phosphatidyl choline、及
phosphatidyl ethanolamine等五種。挑選此五種藥品，進一步測試添加
藥品的濃度對增效作用之效果，發現僅fluorescent brightener 28之濃
度效應不具有顯著性。此外，在顆粒體病毒增效作用的測試中，發現高雄
小菜蛾顆粒體病毒及大陸紋白蝶顆粒體病毒之增效作用較強。但在此測試
中，顆粒體病毒並未經定量，因此結果並無法正確表現出增效作用的大小
。顆粒體病毒計量的工作，乃取大小與顆粒體病毒相似，並已知濃度的膠
體小圓球，與顆粒體病毒以相同體積混合。將此混合液以穿透式電子顯微
鏡觀察兩者之比例，以計算顆粒體病毒之濃度，結果當膠體小圓球稀
釋100倍後，與顆粒體病毒混合，可得較佳之結果。利用280、330、380
、400、550及800 nm等六種波長，以光譜儀測量不同濃度的顆粒體病毒溶
液之吸光值。結果在測試的六種波長中，顆粒體病毒濃度X）與光譜儀吸
光值（Y）間具有顯著性相關關係。以400 nm 為例，Y=e-23.18+2.25x，
r2=0.99，據此可簡易估算病毒濃度，作為添加劑之定量依據。

The enhancing factors of SpltNPV was studied. In order to
enhance the virulence of SpltNPV, we mixed several chemicals to
the virus suspension to study the efficacy of enhancement. Our
result revealed that SpltNPV was the most effective one against
the Sl larvae. When we added the chemicals into the medium, the
SL7B cell line could grow when the concentration was 0.01%.
Therefore, we measured the TCID50 of SlECV with or without
chemicals. The results showed several chemicals could lower the
TCID50 of SLECV. The TCID50 of inoculant of SlECV was
3.09×10-8, bur, if we add 0.01 % sorbic acid or boric acid
into the medium,the TCID50 could reduce to 1×10-8. However, 1%
chemicals added to artifical diet were harmless to Sl larvae,
the virus suspension containing 1% chemicals could increase the
mortality of larvae. The mortality of larvae increased with
increasing of chemicals' concentration in the virus suspension,
except the fluorescent brightener 28. In addition to the
chemicals, the granulosis virus（GV）could also enhance the
effect of SpltNPV. The Kao Hsiung Plutella xylostella GV (PxGV)
was the most effective to enhance the virulence of NPV. For
estimating the concentration of GV, we established a method for
purification and quantitation. The concentration of PxGV was
estimated by mixing with latex and was observed by TEM. Better
results were obtained when the latex diluted 100X. Absorbance
of the PxGV mixture was measured by a spectrophotometer. The
absorbance peak located between 200-300nm. The OD of different
concentrations of PxGV were estimated under various
wavelengths. The absorbance of PxGV increase with the
concentration increasing and there was a significant
relationship between absorbance and PxGV concentration. When
comparing the absorbance at different wavelengths, the
absorbance decrease with an increase of wavelength to estimate
the concentration of PxGV.