臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

台灣北、東部地區中老年人口腔健康調查狀況與分析摘 要 近年來，由
於經濟發展及醫療科技發達, 國民平均餘年增加，再加出生率及死亡率降
低使得社會結構逐漸步入高齡 化。過去偏向幼、兒童之衛生政策，也因
此必需顧及中老年人，由81年度起衛生署委託高雄醫學院做了連續三年之
調查台灣地區中、老年人口腔健康狀況。本篇是以台灣北、東區35歲以
上1203名抽樣對象做問卷及口腔檢查，並加以分析。結果顯示：(1)平均
年齡為55. 5歲(2)DMF齒數：DT＝3.6±5.6，MT＝5.6±7.7，FT＝0.9
±1.7 DMFT＝10.1± 8.4，保有自然齒數為22.4±7.7，平均齲齒率
為16.1％，填補率4.0％。DMF齒數與齲齒率隨年齡漸而增加，保有自然齒
數與填補率則相反漸減。(3)CPITN指數：牙周健康 指數隨年齡增加而減
少，牙結石沈積指數則一直是最高，淺牙周囊袋之最高盛行率發生
在55-64歲，而深牙周囊袋 則發生在65歲以上。(4)牙周健康狀況：
與(1)個人之性別、年齡、職業、教育程度、保險、家庭、 刷牙次數、
抽煙、嚼食檳榔、接受治療的時機、理由及感覺、牙醫師 的選擇，與
使用牙刷、牙線及清除牙結石，有顯著性差異。(2)全身性疾 患只有心
臟血管疾患，風濕性疾患有統計上差異。(5)齲齒狀況：與(1)年齡、職業
、教育程度、保險、家庭、刷牙次數、使用 牙籤、抽煙、嚼食檳榔、
接受治療的時機、理由及感覺、牙醫師的選擇，與使用牙刷、含氟牙膏，
少吃甜點及清除牙結石，(2)全身性疾患的心臟 血管疾患 、風濕性疾
患、內分泌系統疾患有顯著性差異。(6)保有自然齒數：與(1)年齡、職業
、教育程度、保險、家庭、抽煙、嚼食 檳榔、接受治療的時機、理由
及感覺、牙醫師的選擇、與少吃甜點，使用 含氟牙膏，吃口香糖及清
除牙結石，(2)全身性病患的心臟血管疾患，風濕性疾患，內分泌系統疾
患有顯著性差異。(7)上顎需要做膺復的受檢人為39％，下顎為44％，而
已擁有義齒的受檢人 約有3成的人並不戴著使用，甚至有人只是為了外
觀而暫時戴上，而 不是為了咀嚼食物而戴，故義齒之功能僅32.1％認
為具有好的功能， 以外均是否定的。(8)無論是自然牙齒或是義齒之口
腔衛生均非常不佳。 綜合以上特點，吾人建議要加強改善中、老
年人個人之口腔保健 知識態度行為習慣。策動政府實施老年醫療補助
與照顧的政策。牙醫師 確實反省、自我成長，以提供正確之中、老年
人牙科之醫療。如此三 方面共同努力，以求待落實中、老年人之口腔
衛生保健措施。關鍵字：口腔健康、中老年人、台灣北、東部地區。

The Evaluation of the dental health for the middle-aged and
elderly populationin Northern and Eastern Taiwan According to
the lack of information about oral health condition ofour senior
citizens (over 35 years), the Health Beauro referredKMC to make
a three-year-investigation. This article surveyed 1203samples
in Northern and Eastern Taiwan by questionnaire and oral
examination.After analysis, results showed:(1) Average age: 55.5
years old(2) DMFT: DT = 3.6±5.6, MT = 5.6±7.7, FT = 0.9±1.7,
DMFT = 10.1±8.4, Remained Natural teeth = 22.4±7.7, Caries
rate = 16.1%, Filling rate = 4.0%. The DMFT and Caries rate
increase with age, while the Remained natural teeth and
Filling rate decrease.(3) CPITN average: Health periodontium
(0): 10.1%, Bleeding gum (1): 8.4%, Calculus deposition (2):
53.9%, Shallow periodontal pocket (3): 17.6%, Deep
periodontal pocket (4): 4.5%, Missing tooth (x): 5.5%. The
Healthy periodontium decreases with age. Calculus deposition
had the highest incidence over all ages. The Shallow
pockets prevails the ages between 55-64, while most Deep
periodontal pockets occurs to people elder than 65.(4)
Periodontal health relates to the following factors with
statistical significant difference: Sex, Age, Education,
Profession, Insurance, Family situation, Brushing frequency,
Usage of brush and dental floss, Scaling, Smoking, Betel nut
chewing, The Timing, Reasons and Feel of looking for dental
service, Choice of dentist, General history of Rheumatic
disease and Cardiovascular disease.(5) Caries condition relates
to the following factors with statistical significant
difference: Age, Education, Profession, Insurance, Family
situation, Brushing frequency, Usage of Brush, Fluoride
toothpaste and tooth picks, Desserts, Scaling, Smoking, Betel
nut chewing, The Timing and Reasons of looking for dental
service, Choice of dentist, General history of Rheumatic
disease, Endocrine disorder and Cardiovascular disease.(6)
Remained natural teeth relate to the following factors with
statistical significant difference: Age, Education, Profession,
Insurance, Family situation, Usage of Fluoride toothpaste,
Desserts, Chewing gum, Scaling, Smoking, Betel nut chewing,
The Timing and Reasons of looking for dental service, Choice
of dentist, General history of Rheumatic disease, Endocrine
disorder and Cardiovacular disease.(7) 39% need maxillary
prosthesis, 44% need mandibular prosthesis, Almost 30% of
denture users didn''t wear the denture properly, so only 32.1%
of them had good function with their prosthesis.(8) Both of the
nature teeth and the denture, the Oral hygiene conditions are
poor.Key word: dental health, middle-aged & elderly population,
Northern & Eastern Taiwan.