臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

土地開發或變更使用必須「回饋」的觀念已經引入國內，但「回饋」
一詞卻遭到誤用且觀念混淆，有必要加以澄清，本研究首先就理念上分析
論述，說明土地開發應負擔「責任」與「回饋」的差別，應用此觀念建立
工商綜合區開發回饋協議之計算方式。 同時，本研究亦對現階段工商
綜合區有關回饋的規定與目前執行現況作一檢討，研究發現目前規定的地
方政府與開發者協議回饋的機制形同虛設，使工商綜合區的開發變成民間
取得大型購物中心用地的區段徵收方式，依照現階段執行的課題，本研究
提出修正的建議。 在能夠恢復地方政府與開發者協議機制運作的條件
下，本研究站在地方政府的立場，以投資評估決策方法，建構一套計算工
商綜合區開發應該回饋基準的上下限方式，供地方政府在協議時之參考，
回饋下限訂在使社會的損益等於零的標準上，而上限則是訂在開發者能夠
獲得合理的開發收益的標準上，並且詳細分析了不同協議結果對地方政府
、社會大眾與開發者的不同意義。在回饋基準建立後，可以不同的形式與
時機來實現回饋，不同的時機與形式對開發者的衝擊、社會大眾的受益程
度與地方政府所表現的態度亦不同。 最後，本研究以目前正在進行開
發許可審議的台南仁德工商綜合區作為實例，以建構的回饋基準計算方式
，推算開發回饋之上、下限，研究結果發現，若以政府部門訂定之回饋的
最底限，將使社會大眾蒙受損失，而開發者可以獲得鉅額開發利益的社會
不公平現象。

The idea of planning obligation has been taken
intopractice for a period of time. People and the
governmentdon''t exactly know what it is and how to use it
properly.The study first defined the planning obligation from
severalpoints of view and then used it to be the base concept
onthe developing of an Industrial and Business Park which is
anew policy in Taiwan. The study also examine the situation
of execution of thenew policy in order to know the problem of
the negotiationsof planning obligation. The main problem is
the mechanismwhich makes negotiations between the government
and thedeveloper doesn''t work. The study gave some suggestions
tomake it work better. Under the hypothesis of the
negotiation mechanismworking, the study built a set of models
to calculate thereasonable planning obligation. One is to
calculate how muchmoney the developer could earn in
windfall in thedevelopment. The other is to calculate how
much social costpeople or the government would pay for the
development. Thegovernment should ensure the social must not
pay anythinginto the developer''s pocket, on the other hand
he shouldalso promise the developer could earn reasonable
benefit. Sothat the developer would be willing to develop
and thesocial could take some advantage. The calculation
modelscould give the local government some information
whilenegotiations, and maintain social justice. The models
wasbuilt in the proving of the present value model, and set
NPVas the standard of the planning obligation.
Bycapitalization, the planning obligation could be implementedby
different types, e.g. Donation or construction
ofinfrastructure at any time. It can make the
planningobligati on more flexible and useful. At last, a
selected case, Tainan Ren-De Industrial andBusiness Park, was
tested by the models. The solution of thereasonable amount of
the planning obligation should bebetween 1,286.21 million
and 2070.62 million NT dollars''NPV, but the regulation and the
local government asked only28.23 million. It is unfair and
unjust for the localgovernment to do so, because the social
will pay the socialcost, and it will become the developer''s
benefit.