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Cover Chapter 1. Introduction References Chapter 2. Theory of quantum dots 2-1. The energy gap variation and the wave function of the quantum dots 2-2. The energy gap variation of the paired states in the strong confinement condition Chapter 3. Porous silicon 3-1. Brief review of porous silicon 3-2. Splitting of continuous conduction band by quantum size effect 3-3. Experimental preparation of Porous silicon 3-4. Electric field and heat controllable photoluminescence in porous silicon 3-5. Silicon powders preparation and experimental results compared with porous silicon 3-6. The photoluminescence study for the porous silicon powders embedded in the sol-gel glass 3-7. Summary References Figures Chapter 4. Ultra-fine metallic particles 4-1. Brief review of ultra-fine metallic particles 4-2. Experimental preparation of ultra-fine metallic particles by sol-gel method 4-3, Introduction to spin-glass 4-4. Magnetic property investigation of metal-nanoparticles 4-5. Optical transmission spectrum for surface plasma resonance of ultra-fine metallic particles 4- 6. S urnmary References Figures Chapter 5. Conclusions and future prospects
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