臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

為瞭解修剪強度對蓮霧植株生長與開花的影響與探討開花枝梢的特性，於屏東縣九如
鄉擇一成年果園於二月下旬果實採收後進行不同強度修剪，一為輕剪，只將亞主枝上纖弱
枝與徒長枝剪除，二為中剪，除去亞主枝上纖弱枝、徒長枝及長側枝，保留中、短側枝並
使大部份葉片均能接受日照，三為強剪，除去亞主枝上之纖弱枝、徒長枝及全部側枝，無
葉殘存。芽體經修剪後陸續萌發長成營養梢，萌芽率或每節萌發後的新梢數均隨修剪程度
提高而增加。修剪程度較高的植株第一次新梢數雖較多，但該次梢的長度較短，葉片也較
小。第二次梢發生之比率亦隨修剪程度提高而增加，並多自第一次梢之長梢萌發，所形成
的二次梢以著生四或六葉的枝梢佔多數，葉面積指數或樹冠對日光的截取量隨枝梢的生長
而增加，然達到最大葉面積指數與日光截取量的時間隨修剪強度的提高而愈晚到達，但在
八月下旬噴施藥劑進行藥劑進行催花前，各種修剪強度之葉面積指數或日光截取量已無顯
著差異。各植株於九月下旬開始抽生小花，花穗形成高，且不因修剪強度而有差異。大部
份的花序多由修剪後所生長的第一次枝梢頂端產生。輕剪或中剪的側枝頂端或葉片脫落的
葉腋也能產生小花。經修剪後所生長的第二次梢與第三次梢產幾乎無花序形成，一次梢不
同梢別花序形成率並無差異。由結果顯示修剪會影響蓮霧芽體萌發，枝梢生長類型、樹冠
對日光之截取但不影響花序形成率。就枝梢管理層面而言，中剪應最有利於蓮霧日後之栽
培管理。

3年生盆植蓮霧種植於日夜溫為（35/25、30/20、25/15℃） 之人工氣候室以調查不
同溫度對蓮霧枝梢生長及開花之影響。隨著溫度上升，每種處理植株達最大梢長、葉面積
及葉綠素含量所需時間隨之縮短。就各梢別而言，低溫 （25/15℃）枝梢長度及葉面積較
大，但高溫（35/25℃）植株擁有較大之抽梢率、萌芽數及樹冠。 在花序形成率上，高溫
（35/25℃）植株高於低溫（25/15℃）植株。不同處理葉片水勢日變化並無差異。低溫利
於枝梢和葉片澱粉累積，高溫則可增加枝梢和葉片可溶性糖類含量。最後討論溫度、枝梢
生長及碳水化合物的關係。

Light, moderate and severe pruning were applied on 20-year-old waxapple
plants after harvest on late Feburary, 1995 to study the effect of pruning
on vegetative and reproductive growth. The ability of
sprouting , the frequency
of flushing, or the flush number on each node was increased with enhancing
pruning severity. Severe pruning resulted in more new flushes
with shorter stems
and smaller leaves. Accompanying with flushing or new shoot growth, leaf area
index and light interception increased to their maximum values in late August.
Severe pruning owned the least values in the early season but reached same
level as moderate or light pruning in August. After the flower
forcing treatment,
i.e., trunk girdling and partial defoliation, high percentage of inflorescences
formed on all treated plants. Most of the inflorescences were transformed
from the shoot apex on the first flushes which sprouted after pruning. Some
inflorescences transformed from the terminal or lateral parts of one-year-old
lateral shoots of moderately or lightly pruned plants. These results suggested
that pruning influenced sprouting, flushing, morphology of flush, and light
interception but nil on flowering capability.In the view-point
of flush management,
moderate pruning was recommended for waxapple after harvest.

Three-year old potted waxapple plants were introduced into
the phytotron with
different day/night temperature（35/25,30/20 and 25/15℃）to investigate the
influence of temperature on shoot growth and flowering.The time required for
flush growing to maximal stem length,leaf area and chlorophyll
content was shortened
with increasing temperature.For an individual flush,plants
under low temperature
25/15℃）exhibited the highest shoot length,shoot diameter and single leaf
area. On the other hand, plants under highesst temperature(35/25℃)had the
highest frequency of flushing, highest total shoot growth and largest canopy.
The percentage of inflorescence formations was highest under 35/25℃ and
lowest under 25/15℃. No significant difference on diurnal leaf water potential
was noted among different treatments. Starch concentration in the stem and
leaves was higher whereas soluble sugar concentration was lower
at low temperature
than those at high temperature. The relations among temperature, shoot growth,
carbohydrate levels and flowering were discussed.