臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文的目的是以敲擊回音法與改良式敲擊回音法來探測混凝土因鋼筋腐
蝕而造成的破壞狀況，其中前者之訊號分析在頻譜領域並且其振幅需除以
表面波造成的頻譜振幅而加以絕對化。由實驗結果可知，在敲擊回音法方
面，網格配置之鋼筋腐蝕時不再沿鋼筋方向產生表面裂縫，因此鋼筋振幅
與腐蝕率的關係，較單一鋼筋腐蝕的情形更有規律性，即鋼筋的平均絕對
振幅隨腐蝕量的增加而下降，此外利用所偵測之資料經過反應譜分析新方
法處理，可求得鋼筋絕對振幅在未腐蝕區間之或然率，進而判斷其腐蝕程
度。在改良式敲擊回音法方面，由單一鋼筋腐蝕案例中顯示，應力波沿著
鋼筋路徑到第二接收器的歷時與計算值之差在±2μs 內的測點數佔量測
總點數70%以上且與腐蝕率大小無關，其原因可能為腐蝕破壞只集中在鋼
筋頂部，造成表面裂縫的擴大，而應力波可藉由鋼筋上半部與混凝土未剝
離之介面處，進行波沿鋼筋方向的傳遞，因此所測得波到時間並沒有明顯
之變化，而在網格鋼筋方面，鋼筋腐蝕時，混凝土沿鋼筋面以斷層方式破
壞，鋼筋-混凝土介面破壞範圍較大，因此最早波到時間在腐蝕率為1.8%
之後有明顯延遲的現象，其延遲時間與腐蝕率呈正比之趨勢，可利用此關
係，建立延遲時間與腐蝕率之經驗公式，以利現場工地檢測。

The purpose of this study is to detect the damage produced by
corrosion of the steel bar in concrete using both the impact-echo
method and the time-of-flight technique with stress wave generated
by impact. For the formal method signals were analized in frequency
domain and the amplitude spectra were normalized by deviding the
amplitude with the one in the spectra produced by surface wave for
the specific wavewform. The results show that, using impact-echo
method, the average normalized amplitude related to the steel bar
become smaller for lager amount of corrosion. The relation between
the normalized amplitude and the corrosion rate is more regular for
the specimen containing netted-bars than the ones containing single
bar. The degree of corrosion can also be estimated by finding the
probability of the tests with the nomalized amplitude fallen into
the range corresponding to uncorroded steel bar. Using time of
flight technique, for most single-bar-cases, the experimental
time-of-flight for wave traveling through the steel bar and
received by the second receiver are only 2μs away from the
calculated one and has little correlation with the corrosion
rate of the steel. The reason could be the damage is located
concentratedly on the top of the steel bar and the stress wave
can be transmitted through the unbroken concrete-steel interfaces.
For the specimen containing netted-reinforcement the concrete
was delaminated at the level of reinforcement and the damaged
area on the interfaces is larger. Thus, the time-of-flight is
obviously delayed when the corrosion rate is larger than 1.8%.
The time delay is proposional to the increase of the corrosion
rate.

總目錄
中文摘要------------------------------------------------ i
英文摘要------------------------------------------------ ii
目錄----------------------------------------------------iii
表目錄-------------------------------------------------- v
圖目錄-------------------------------------------------- vi
符號索引------------------------------------------------ ix
目錄
第一章 緒論--------------------------------------------------1
第二章 文獻回顧及研究動機------------------------------------3
2.1 鋼筋腐蝕的過程與反應機理----------------------------3
2.2 目前腐蝕量測方法-------------------------------------4
2.2.1 量測鋼筋腐蝕電位法-----------------------------4
2.2.2 量測混凝土電阻法-------------------------------5
2.2.3 量測鋼筋腐蝕電流法-----------------------------6
2.3 研究動機--------------------------------------------11
第三章 檢測之原理及儀器設備---------------------------------13
3.1 應力波動行為之簡介---------------------------------13
3.2 檢測之原理------------------------------------------15
3.2.1 敲擊回音法 ( 頻譜領域分析法 )---------------- 15
3.2.2 改良式敲擊回音法 ( 時間領域分析法 )---------- 20
3.3 儀器設備-------------------------------------------24
第四章 試體規劃、檢測方法及波速的量測-----------------------27
4.1 試體規劃及製作-------------------------------------27
4.2 加速鋼筋腐蝕之試驗配置與流程-----------------------28
4.3 以敲擊回音試驗及改良式敲擊回音法
量測鋼筋腐蝕之試驗方法及步驟-----------------------30
4.4 測定鋼筋腐蝕量之方法-------------------------------32
4.5 波速的量測-----------------------------------------33
第五章 頻譜領域檢測結果之分析與討論-------------------------37
5.1 反應譜分析新方法-----------------------------------37
5.2 單根鋼筋腐蝕量與檢測反應之關係---------------------38
5.2.1 鋼筋尺寸之影響--------------------------------43
5.2.2 埋置深度的影響--------------------------------44
5.2.3 直徑/深度之影響-------------------------------45
5.3 網格配置之鋼筋腐蝕量與檢測反應之關係---------------46
第六章 時間領域檢測結果之分析與討論--------------------------48
6.1 單根鋼筋腐蝕量與檢測反應之關係---------------------48
6.2 網格配置之鋼筋腐蝕量與檢測反應之關係----------------52
第七章 結論及建議--------------------------------------------54
參考文獻------------------------------------------------------58

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