臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

國內遊憩區、公園、綠地等公共空間的垃圾清理工作
。特別是清理隨意丟棄的垃圾、長久以來一直困擾著經營管理單位、佔去
了經營管理單位的經費預算與工作時間、同時也使得遊憩品質一直難以提
昇、這應該是經營者與遊客所共同關心的一個重要課題。國內在過去曾有
文獻致力於探討影響遊客垃圾丟棄行為的因素、進而提供一些經營管理上
建議方案。 唯這些方案是否具體可行、成效如何並未有研究加以了解。
因此本研究從遊客垃圾丟棄行為及管理兩個層面切入，在準實驗法的架構
之下，透過問卷 調查及實地觀察記錄的方式來進行資料的蒐集，並進一
步地利用統計方法加以分析，期提供經營管理單位一套實際可行的垃圾丟
棄行為管理措施。根據本研究兩階段的研究結果發現，大體而言，遊客頗
有環保觀念，對於各項管理措施大致上都抱持著支持的態度，在行為表現
上也不會故意或惡意地亂丟垃圾，但是卻有可能為了一時的方便或在管理
措施不當、垃圾處理措施不足、不經意或不小心的情況下，將手邊的垃圾
丟棄在地上，終至遊憩區內到處是散落滿地的垃圾。再者，遊客對於垃圾
丟棄行為的避免是需要被提醒的，而具體實施的管理措施則可視為是一種
提醒物。本研究發現，提醒物應與社會大眾監督的壓力相結合，方可發揮
較強的作用，而提醒物出現的頻率亦與其提示的效果成正比。此外，根據
實地觀察記錄的結果，顯示本研究所採取的三項管理措施，在實際應用上
，以管理措施張貼標示於野餐桌上來減少現場之垃圾丟棄數量，在星期六
及非假日時獲得較佳之效果。然而，在星期日時 卻以管理措施發給遊客
垃圾袋所得之效果較佳，管理單位可依據不同時期的遊客數量多寡，彈性
且機動地進行管理措施的搭配實施，因時因地制宜，以切合遊憩活動的多
樣化。

The littering problem existing in parks and recreation areas not
only costsmanagers lots of budget and working-hour; but also
results in a low levelof recreation quality in Taiwan. It is an
important which and should beconcerned by both managers and
visitors. Although some articles haveanalyzed the factors which
affect littering behavior and have proposed somesuggestions for
management, how effective these suggestion are has not been
tested yet. Based on this concern, this research was focused on
the issues ofvisitors'' littering behaviors and their management.
Data were collected bymeans of on-site observation, visitor
questionnaire survey and quasi-experimenton littering treatment.
The purpose of this sudy was to develop an applicable management
model for visitors'' littering behaviors.The results of this
study have shown that visitors, in general, have a senseof
environmental conservation. They basically support treatments
for littering problem, and did not litter on purpose. Litters
all over the park or recreation area were due to the
inappropriate measurements or facilities to deal with the
litters and, consequently, caused inconvenience, carelessness,or
indifference of the visitors to treat their trash.Furthermore,
visitors should be reminded to avoid littering, and the
physicalmanagement treatment was called a "reminder". This
research has found thatreminder could be more effective when it
cooperated whith the pressure of public supervision, and the
more frequent the reminder shows up, the more effective it could
be.By comparing three management treatment in this research, in
application,it shows that the management treatment of "a poster
with slogan on the picnictable" was the most effective one on
Saturday and weekdays, but "providinggarbage bags" was the most
effective management treatment on Sunday. In order to maintain
the cleanness of a recreation area, managers could take
mixedmanagement treatment to deal with littering problem,
depends on the quantityof visitors and the differences of their
duration.