臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

我們利用13,097位高雄、屏東地區國中學童為研究樣本，以
International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood（ISAAC）
影帶版為篩選工具進行學童氣喘研究，並配合父母教育程度、空氣污染狀
況、二手煙、及居家環境狀況等因子進行分析，另一方面配合肺功能檢測
來評估空氣污染對學童呼吸功能的影響。研究發現學童氣喘盛行率為10.2
％，男性氣喘盛行率高於女性（11.19％ vs 9.28％），在單變項分析中
，發現男學童、年齡輕、高BMII、外省及混合種族、居家人口密度高、父
母教育程度高、學童運動頻率低、一等親氣喘史及自覺空氣污染嚴重程度
均是氣喘的危險子，家中拜香為保護因子。多變項分析中，除調整上述危
險因子及保護因子，並加入家中是否有二手菸及母親懷孕期是否有抽菸行
為因子加以調整，發現混合族群氣喘盛行情形消失，其他危險因子效應仍
然存在，自覺空氣污染程度對氣喘盛行之勝算比仍維持在1.11~1.44之間
，若以環境實測空氣污染值代替居民自覺空氣污染程度，發現測佔地區總
懸浮微粒、二氧化氮及碳氫化合物為造成氣喘之空氣污染危害物質。我們
又發現非工業區學童肺功能普遍高於工業區學童，用力肺活量（FVC）及
第一秒用力呼氣體積（FEV1）分別高0.82％（0.29％~1.35％）及0.70％
（0.16％~1.23％）由此上結果我們推論，空氣污染可能是學童氣喘的一
個危險因子及降低學童肺功能。

By using the video edition of International Study of Asthma and
Allergy in Children（ISAAC）,we studied the prevalence of asthma
and wheeze from 13,097 junior high school students aged 11 to
16, living in the area of Kaohsiung and Pintung of Taiwan.
Along with the study, we also examined relevant factors by
making analyses of education levels of the children''s parents,
air pollution, passive smoking, and residence environment.
Besides, we also measured the lung function of the school
children and assessed e influence of air pollution on the
respiratory function.The study found that the average prevalence
rate was 10.2％：It was higher in boys than in girls（11.19％vs
9.28％）. In the analysis of sample logistic regression, the
following were risk factors；school boy, youth,higher BMI, race
in mainlander, mixed race, respectively, crowded area, parents
with higher education level, short of exercise, first-grade
relative with the sufferance from asthma, and self-consciousness
of severe air pollution. On the corary, incense burned at home
played a protective factor. In multiple logistic regression, in
addition to the adjustment of the above risk and protective
factors, we added the adjustments of relative factors such as
passive smoking at home and mother''s smoking during pregnancy.
We found there was no more asthma in the mixed race, the effect
of other risk factors were still there and the odds of self-
consciousness of air pollution to prevalence of asthma still
maintained between 1.11~1.44.If we replaced the sf-consciousness
of air pollution with air pollution parameter detected by EPA,
we found the substances causing asthma in the air such as total
suspended particles（TSP）, sulfur dioxide（SO2）and carbon
hydride（CxHy） were responsible for asthma. We also found that
lung function of the school children in non-industry area was
generally better than in industry area. And the lower forced
vital capacity（FVC）and forced respiratory volume in the first
second（FEV1） were 1.02％（95％CI [0.50~1.54]）and 1.02％95％CI
[2.09~1.33]）, respectively.From the above study we conclude the
air pollution may be a risk factors to cause asthma, and lower
the lung function of school children.