臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本試驗之目的在使高梁酒粕商品化，一方面以高梁酒粕取代部分精料，評
估對泌乳牛生產性狀及瘤胃性狀之影響，做為高梁酒粕飼料化之研究，藉
以提高其經濟價值。選取27頭泌乳初期平均550㎏體重、30㎏乳量之荷蘭
牛，依其體重、胎次及產乳量逢機分成三組，每組各給與不同處理之飼糧
。試驗日糧以上述試驗牛群性能為基礎，依NRC (1989)乳牛營養標準配製
而成: 一、對照組,二、添加15%(乾基)高梁酒粕組, 三、添加30%高梁酒
粕組之三種等蛋白等能量飼糧。經一週預備試驗後，進行泌乳牛飼養試驗
八週。另以拉丁方格設計將三頭瘤胃開窗牛分配於三種試驗飼糧，進行瘤
胃性狀之測定。另一方面以0%、20%、40%及60%高梁酒粕添加入省產狼尾
草製作青貯料。試驗共以48個青貯桶進行，將狼尾草及高梁酒粕混合均勻
放入桶內，於密封後第0、1、2、4、8、16、32天採樣並分析青貯料之組
成分，另取一各試驗處理之青貯桶，以溫度探針記錄製作完成後各時間點
之溫度變化。泌乳牛生產性狀及瘤胃性狀之試驗結果顯示，對照組與15%
高梁酒粕組和30%高梁酒粕組之乳量及3.5%脂肪校正乳量無顯著差異(
P>0.05)。乾物採食量在處理間以對照組最高，其次為15%高梁酒粕組
，30%高梁酒粕組最低(P<0.05)。乳成分方面，乳脂率、乳蛋白率及總固
形物含量，三組亦無顯著差異(P>0.05)。泌乳牛在試驗期間，三組體重改
變率並無顯著差異(P>0.05)。血中尿素氮含量以對照組最高，其次為15%
高梁酒粕組，30%高梁酒粕組最低，皆有顯著差異(P<0.05)。飼糧處理對
乳蛋白質及乳能量利用效率之影響，30%高梁酒粕組顯著優於對照組(
P<0.05)。在瘤胃性狀方面，氨態氮濃度以對照組顯著高於其他二組(
P<0.05)，各處理組之瘤胃pH值及總揮發性脂肪酸濃度則無顯著差異(
P>0.05)。而在青貯料試驗結果顯示，第32天之青貯料pH值以40%組顯著較
低，對照組則最高(P<0.05)。可滴定酸度、緩衝能力及水溶性碳水化合物
含量均以對照組顯著最低(P<0.05)。在乳酸含量方面，20%組顯著較高而
對照組較低(P<0.05)。青貯料之氨態氮濃度占總氮比例於各處理間之影響
，以60%組顯著最低，對照組最高(P<0.05)。青貯料之總揮發性脂肪酸含
量以對照組顯著較高，40%組最低(P<0.05)，其中乙酸以60%組最高，而對
照組之酪酸濃度顯著高於其他三組(P<0.05)。依據Flieg score對四組青
貯料之品質評分結果，對照組為85，20%組為93，40%組為95，60%為91。

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of wet
sorghum distillers grain(WSDG) as part of the diet concentrate
on the lactating performance of dairy cows. Twenty-seven
Holstein milking cows were selected which in the early lactation
stage with an average weight of 550Kg, producing an average of
30Kg of milk daily. The cows were divided randomly into three
groups and fed with different mixed rations. The diets were
formulated according to NRC(1989) recommendations: (1)control
diet (2)15% WSDG diet and (3)30% WSDG diet. Three different
dietary treatments were formulated into iso-nitrogen and iso-
energetic diets. After one week of adaptation period, the
experimental feeding was conducted for 8 weeks. Three rumen
canulated cows were also examined in order to investigate
ruminal fermentation of three total mixed rations. In the other
experiment, napiergrass were chopped and ensiled in laboratory
silos. Prior to ensiling, the material was mixed with 0, 20%,
40%, and 60% WSDG. Laboratory silos were opened at 0, 1, 2, 4,
8, 16, and 32 days after ensiling and analyzed the composition
of silage. The results showed that the milk yield corrected by
the 3.5% fat standard, showed no significant difference between
the control、15%WSDG and 30% WSDG treatment groups(P>0.05). The
daily dry matter intake of the control group was higher than the
other groups(P<0.05). In respect to the milk composition, milk
fat, milk protein and total solids, showed no difference among
the treatment groups(P>0.05). The protein and energy efficiency
of the 30% WSDG group was significantly higher than the other
treatment groups(P<0.05). Ruminal pH value was no different
among the treatment groups(P>0.05). Ammonia-nitrogen
concentration in the control group was higher than the other
groups(P<0.05). The concentration of total ruminal volatile
fatty acids and the ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid were
similar in all dietary groups. The results of silage experiment
at 32 days showed that the pH value of 40% group was
significantly lower than the other treatment groups(P<0.05).
Titratable acidity, buffering capacity and water-soluble
carbohydrate of the control group was significantly lower than
the other groups(P<0.05). Lactic acid production of 20% WSDG
group was significantly higher than the other treatment groups
and the control group was lower(P<0.05). The ammonia-nitrogen
concentration of total N showed that 60% group was significantly
lower than the other groups(P<0.05). In respect to the Flieg
score, the control was 85, 20% group was 93, 40% group was 95
and 60%group was 91.