生命週期評估意義在於評價環境影響與人類活動的關係，包括從原物料的取得到最終廢棄物的處置，即所謂『從搖籃至墳墓』之評估。生命週期評估架構主要包括四部分：目標與範圍定義、盤查分析、衝擊評估以及闡釋。其中有關盤查分析階段的發展較成熟，衝擊評估的技術應用方面則較缺乏一致的共識。本研究是以研擬結合環境風險評估理論之生命週期評估架構為目的，實例探討部分是就正隆公司提供的瓦楞紙板生產資料進行分析。評估架構則包括有環境議題確認、分類評估與整合性評價等三部分。環境議題確認部分是由盤查分析建立的環境考量面中選擇需要評估的議題；分類評估部分則是應用風險的概念進行環境衝擊評估，考量的風險類別包括人體健康的危害、生態系統的衝擊以及生活品質的影響；評價單元則是建立環境風險指數。最後，利用乘法型階層分析法將生命週期評估的結果納入產品決策過程，協助廠商進行生產瓦楞紙板之選擇。結果顯示，生產瓦楞紙板的方式有輕質化之趨勢。

The concept of life-cycle assessment is to evaluate the environmental effectsassociated with any given activity from the initial gathering of raw materialfrom the earth until the point at which all residuals are returned to the earth. This concept is referred to as "cradle to grave" assessment. A frameworkof life-cycle assessment usually consists of four components: Goal and Scope Definition, Inventory Analysis, Impact Assessment and Interpretation. In which,the well-developed inventory analysis component poses almost no difficulties inrealistic practices. The component of impact assessment, however, needs a relatively greater amount of research and development efforts. The study implements a framework for life-cycle assessment which incorporatesmethodologies of environmentalrisk assessment. A case study on corrugated board production is carried out by using the data provided by the Cheng Loong Co., Ltd. The assessment framework consists generally of three components: environmental issue identification, classification and assessment, and integrated evaluation. The identification of environmental issue can adopt principally the environmental aspect used in inventory analysis. The assesmentof environmental impacts, which applies risk assessment concept, is classified as aspect human health effects, ecosystem deterioration, and affect of life quality. The integrated environmental risk index is obtained in the evaluation. It will be helpful to producer choosing the lighter corrugated board by using multiplicative analytic hierarchy process for production decision making process incorporates result of life cycle assessment.