臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究利用電加熱式管狀燃燒爐，配合廢氣重金屬採樣及氯化氫吸收設備
，處理添加等量重金屬(Cd,Cr,Cu及Zn)之模擬人工垃圾，控制氯對重金屬
莫耳比(簡稱莫耳比)於3-200之變化範圍，探討於多重(multiple)重金屬
焚化過程，氯種類及氯含量(PVC及FeCl3)，對重金屬分佈特性及物種生成
之影響，並輔以不同氯來源產生氯化氫之比例，討論重金屬氯化物之生成
潛勢．研究結果顯示，莫耳比3-200之區間內，飛灰物種鑑定結果，皆以
NaCl及KCl為優勢物種，於高莫耳比之操作條件下，可鑑定出CdCl2之物種
．無論添加PVC或FeCl3，底灰以MgSiO3，MgO及Ca3Al2O6為主要成份，其
中，伴隨氯化鐵之添加，尚可於底灰鑑定出Fe2O3之成份，且發現FeCr2O4
及CuFe2O4於高莫耳比之條件下生成．實驗結果顯示，無論添加PVC或
FeCl3之操作條件，隨莫耳比之增加，重金屬於底灰之分佈有減少之趨勢
，飛灰之分佈則隨之增加，但對煙道廢氣分佈之影響則不明顯．各種重金
屬受氯添加之影響程度不一，應與氯對重金屬親和力之大小及氯源釋放氯
離子之能力有關．氯平衡之實驗結果顯示，無論添加PVC或FeCl3之操作條
件，隨莫耳比之增加，氯與氫反應生成氯化氫之潛勢增加，且分佈於飛灰
之氯離子質量有增加之趨勢，顯示焚化過程反應生成之氯化物，較具揮發
性，傾向分佈於飛灰，此一現象亦以添加FeCl3之操作條件下較為明顯．
實驗結果顯示，無論添加PVC或FeCl3，對重金屬之底灰分佈影響程度大小
依序為Zn>Cu>Cr．而比較兩種氯源，皆以添加FeCl3對重金屬分佈之影響
較為顯著，但高量添加氯化鐵之情況下，銅於底灰之分佈較無明顯之變化
．

The effect of PVC and FCl3 on the heavy metal speciation
and partition in a multi-metal incineration system (Cd, Cr, Cu
and Zn) were investigated by using a tubular furnance and
chlorides-spiked simulated wastes considering molar ratio of
chloride to metal (Cl/M ratio) in the wastes as parameter.The
results indicated that the predominant species in fly ash were
metal chlorides (i.e. NaCl and KCl) at the molar ratio ranged
from 3 to 200. In addition, the CdCl2 can also be found at a
higher Cl/M ratio. However, regardless of wether PVC or FeCl3
was spiked, the species found in bottom ash were mainly MgSiO3,
MgO, and Ca3Al2O6. Moreover, in the case spiked with FeCl3, Fe2
O3 was identified, and at higher Cl/M ratio, the formation of
FeCr2O4 and CuFe2O4 were also recognized. As Cl/M ratio
increased, the partition of heavy metal trended to shift from
the bottom ash to fly ash depending on the affinity of metal to
chlorine. In general, FeCl3 was demonstrated to be more
significant on the effect as compared with PVC. The increased
Cl/M ratio also enhanced the potential of HCl formation.