臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

蝦苗品質在蝦病問題上扮演關鍵性角色，尤其台灣草蝦繁殖走向分段經營的過程中，
不容易掌握蝦苗品質及來源。本研究旨於探討草蝦後期幼苗在水槽中各種游泳行為項目。
依各行為出現的形式、頻率及累計時間，嘗試找出以行為模式作為篩選蝦苗品質的指標。
利用錄影觀察蝦苗各別行為建立目錄後，記錄後期蝦苗由健康到死亡期間之各種行為表現
，並藉電腦軟體將各行為出現時間及頻率量化從事統計分析。結果指出數種行為會隨蝦苗
健康情形惡化而改變，包括「眼柄晃動」頻率、「底部爬行」及「底面爬行」頻率，又「
底棲頭頂壁」、「底部爬行」出現時間會隨著健康狀態下降而增長。「懸浮游泳」之頻率
及累計時間卻隨健康狀態變差而減少。綜合以上顯示懸浮及底棲之頻率或時間可作為蝦苗
活動力之指標。再探討「水底活動」及「水中活動」於不同時間間隔之分佈情形。由卡方
測驗是否符合指數分布之分析中，可推論實驗初期階段蝦苗具有主動從事水中活動的本能
，但後期似乎因體力衰退而傾向往水底棲息。本實驗中蝦苗瞬間日死亡係數估值z約為
－0.54，相當於每日活存率為58.3%。另在實驗中發現不同底部顏色水槽之放養蝦苗有不
同活存率，底部為白色者活存率顯著低於黑色者，其確實原因尚須進一步探討。

The quality of larval shrimp plays an important role in shrimp culture. It's difficult to control the source and quality of larval shrimp especially during the consecutive stages of the breeding process. The swimming behavior of postlarvae was studied. I tried to find indicators for the health condition from swimming behavior. Using a video recording system, the larval shrimp behavior was observed from health to death, and by the computer software ETHOM I extracted data of frequency and interval time. The data consist of 3 behavioral events and 11 behavioral states that were described in an ethogram.
　The result showed that several behavior categories increased with daily age, Including 'the frequency of eyestalks sway', 'the frequency of walking on bottom excluding along edge', 'the frequency walking on bottom or along edge', 'the time of touching with head on bottom'. Conversely 'the frequency of swimming in suspension' and 'the time of swimming in suspension' decreased with daily age. These results showed that the frequency as well as time of swimming in suspension and activity on bottom maybe used as an indicator for postlarval activity. Chi-square tests was used to identify if the time distribution of activity on bottom and in suspension follows the pattern of exponential distribution. The results implied that movement to the surface by the larval shrimp was not an action randomly determined in the early days, and vice versa during the later days. The instantaneous rate of daily mortality was z＝－0.54, giving an estimation of survival rate of 58.3%. Experiment also showed that larval shrimp had different survival rate under different color on bottom. The survival rate of postlarval on bottom of black in color is higher than that of white colored bottom.