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研究生:郭志陽
研究生(外文):Kuo, Chih-Yang
論文名稱:校園環境轉型歷程與學童生活經驗研究-以一所體制內推動教改之國民小學為例
論文名稱(外文):THE RESEARCH OF CAMPUS RE-ENGINEERING AND STUDENT LIVING EXPERIENCE-USING ONE PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL WITHIN THE STRUCTURAL REFORM SYSTEM AS AN EXAMPLE
指導教授:畢恆達畢恆達引用關係---
指導教授(外文):Bih Herng-Dar
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺灣大學
系所名稱:建築與城鄉研究所
學門:建築及都市規劃學門
學類:其他建築及都市規劃學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:1998
畢業學年度:86
語文別:中文
論文頁數:114
中文關鍵詞:教育改革開放教育校園環境
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:4
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  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:6
從森林小學、毛毛蟲學苑等體制外學校的創立,直到民國八十三年台北縣、八十五年台
北市及八十六年高雄市的國民小學相繼實施了開放式的教學實驗即所謂「開放教育」後,
一股體制內校園改革運動始從概念轉型而落到現實的教學場域之中。然而,以往在學校教
育傳遞政治、社會價值的過程裡,無論是教材內容、教學方式或是校園空間形式皆為國家
意識主導所一致性與統整化,而今日以教育行政當局為主導的教學改革實驗或許能提供當
前基礎教育回歸教育本質的機會。由體制外的刺激到體制內的覺醒是我們樂見的教育發展
過程,而當前所積極推動的教育理念,意念上是一種強調由下而上的草根運動,在面對以
往僵化的教育體質時必會面臨檢視與挑戰。此時,當我們在反省校園空間的同時亦需認清
此一機制所產生的影響,方有機會回歸教育的本質。然而,國小校園服務的主體是學童,
今日無論是探討教育理念的轉型或是校園空間的改革皆需注重學童個人的情感意識與成長
歷程中的經驗發展,這亦是所謂開放概念所強調的價值之一。因此本研究期望經由一所國
小的教學實驗裡,一方面主動瞭解教改的推展脈絡,另一方面觀察學童在校園中的生活經
驗,以反省大人價值立場預設與學童期望的落差。本文的架構,首先將從實施教改的背景
描述到連結教育與空間型式的關係之後,藉由現實中政策的推展與校園的實踐經驗到對童
稚世界的瞭解,來檢視空間面向應扮演的角色、功能及意義。第二章開始先對於當前教育
觀念的理解與影響校園權力關係的機制進行探討,並嘗試轉譯配合開放教學理念之空間特
質,最後再釐清本研究之問題。第三章除了交代研究的歷程及方法之外,並反省研究過程
中有關研究倫理之面向。第四章開始描述筆者訪談公部門的政策實施與校園的推動過程中
,官僚、校長及教師的推動經驗為何?教育理念如何反省在教學空間的實踐上?並塑造出
什麼樣的教學空間類型。第五章起即經由學童在校園環境的行為觀察,來反省與大人價值
預設的落差並瞭解個體的需求及適性學習的空間特質,期望經由這樣的過程能找尋出重塑
校園空間的方向及觀點。最後在第六章的結論裡,本文將從研究過程中的經驗、資料收集
整理來探討經由配合教學改革所塑造出的環境對於兒童在校園生活中的影響程度,經過這
樣的相互影響過程兒童發生了什麼樣的情緒反應及環境使用行為。並期望從以學童為中心
的思考角度出發,來探討各階層對教改應持有的立場及態度。最後在研究反省的部份,將
從本研究過程的經驗中點出教學實驗在空間研究中可能持續發展的面向及議題,期望提供
日後教育及空間相關研究更多的思考。
Abstract This research expects through the experimental education of one pub
lic elementary school, on one side to understand the augmentation of reform, a
nd observing the living experiences students learned in school on the other; t
o reflect the differences between the pre-determined adult values and student
anticipation''s. The structure of this paper will first begin with background
description of the implanted educational reform and later link the relationshi
p of education together with space format, using the realistic development of
political policy and the actual enforcement experience of the school campus, t
o the comprehension of the world of children, thus establish the role which sp
ace should play, effectiveness and purpose. The second chapter starts with di
scussions over the operative process on the relationship between current educa
tional concept and the impact it has on campus authorities; moreover tries to
interpret the meaning of space in the space education system. Lastly, to iden
tify the questions of this research. In the third chapter, apart from explain
ing research process and method, will contemplate in the direction of ethics w
ithin this research process. The fourth chapter begins with illustrations of
the interviews the author conducted with public officials, school principal an
d teachers, on their experiences about the implementation process of policy ef
fectuation and campus augmentation, to be what? How does educational concept
reflect in the actuation of the space education? The types of space it create
d. Chapter five starts with observations of student behaviors while on campus
, and proceed to meditate the gap between the pre-determined adult values, und
erstanding individual needs and the unique space characteristics targeted for
appropriate learning skills; hoping to use this type of process to establish t
he directions and view points of campus re-engineering. Finally in the concl
usion of chapter six, this paper will use the collective research experiences
and data assimilation to discuss the environment after educational reform, its
degree of impact on student lives while on campus, the types of emotional rea
ctions and behaviors the students will display toward the surrounding after th
is kind of counter-influence; also look forward to introspect starting from th
e angle that the students are the center, to evaluate the positions and attitu
des of various levels regarding educational reform. Finally within the reflec
tion section of this research, will use the experiences gained from this resea
rch, on the possible developments and topics of educational experiment as in s
pace research, expect to offer contemplation areas for future researches relat
ed to education and space.Conclusion:(1) Students to the changes in campus
learning environment: more positive emotional elevation. Happier while on
campus, no longer fearful of going to school. Attitude on learning, more wi
lling to learn stuff outside of textbooks, less interest in contents taught
inside the classroom. Pressure was not totally alleviated from scho
ol work, but obvious improvements regarding common sense and adaptability.
Class order was more lax and confused.(2) Study behavior: the higher the g
rade, the more the students to display self-motivation toward learning. Low
er grade students still primarily learned from playing, playing satisfied the
basic desires. Learning for the reason of "showing-off" was very common,
only a few learned for the "purpose of learning," the rest learned through p
lay. The different behavior while playing, out-of- class activities were sti
ll greater than the in-active indoor activities.(3) The use of campus
space: almost every student prefers outdoor space, such as playground, educ
ational garden, tung-shr garden and botanical garden; but grade, gender and p
ower still exist among space allocation. Change inside the classrooms, lear
ning corners used by middle and lower grade students mostly turned into pla
y areas for students, more isolated an area is, the more often it is use
d.(4) Changes in teachers and parents: some lower grade teachers were mo
re than willing to reform and have accumulated plenty of experience in such
practice, but still burdened by the powerful conservative style of the presen
t, as well as the influence of the leaders, thus decreased the momentum for
reform. Since the structure of the school system have not changed entirely,
many parents still focus heavily on intelligent education once their childr
en reached higher grades.
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