臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

肌肉向心收縮緊跟在離心收縮之後的運動形態稱之為「伸展縮短週期」。一般認為彈性能量與肌電控制是造成伸展縮短週期肌力輸出比單純做向心收縮大的原因。本研究的目的是分析下肢的比目魚肌在不同起跳動作中其伸展縮短週期之肌電表現。本文研究以體表肌電儀量測比目魚肌的運動單元在垂直跳時的活性，以電子量角器量測踝關節的角度，以測力板量測地面反作用力。實驗的結果發現受試在「由40%最大跳躍高度落下後起跳」有最佳的垂直跳高度。離心及向心收縮期肌電圖值皆隨著牽張負荷增加而增加。本研究的結果應用在實際的運動中。本研究建議訓練或比賽中常需要垂直跳的選手可以「由40%最大跳躍高度落下後起跳」的方式來進行垂直跳以增加跳躍高度及節省肌肉收縮所需的能量。

The muscle eccentric contraction immediately followed by concentric contraction is called " stretch-shortening cylce "（SSC）. In muscle performing SSC, it produces larger force output when comparing with non-SSC activities. This is due to the effects of elastic energy and myoelectrical potentiation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the SSC muscle performance in soleus muscles and compare the differences among squatting jump, countermovement jump and drop jump. In this study, a surface EMG was used to monitor the myoelectrical signals of soleus. An electrogoniometer was used to measure the ankle joint motion. A force transducer was used to measure the ground reaction force during each jumping movement. The results indicated that drop from 40% of maximal jumping height and then jump had the best jumping performance. The iEMG value increased both in eccentric and concentric phase when stretch load increased. The results of this study can apply on the real sports or exercises. This study suggested athletes who have to jump a lot during training or race can use the drop from 40% of maximal jumping height when doing vertical jumps, and this technique can increase the jumping performance and save muscle contraction energy.

第壹章 緒論………………………………………………1
一、研究動機………………………………………….1
二、研究目的………………………………………….7
三、研究假設………………………………………….8
四、研究範圍及限制…………………………………10
五、操作性定義……………………………………….11
第貳章 文獻探討………………………………………16
一、各種伸展縮短週期之相關研究…………….16
二、伸展縮短週期中彈性能量之研究…………..20
三、伸展縮短週期中肌電控制之研究…………..22
四、伸展縮短週期中轉換期之研究………………24
五、伸展縮短週期中牽張負荷之研究………….25
第參章 實驗方法及步驟………………………..…..27
一、研究對象…………………………………………27
二、實驗儀器…………………………………………28
三、實驗步驟…………………………………………31
四、資料處理及分析…………………………………34
五、統計方法…………………………………………36
第肆章 結果…………………………………………….37
一、跳躍高度…………………………………………37
二、轉換期…………………………………………….41
三、離心收縮期積分肌電圖值……………………44
四、向心收縮期積分肌電圖值……………………48
五、皮爾遜積差相關之結果………………………52
六、各組內皮爾遜積差相關之結果………………54
七、向心與離心收縮期肌電圖之比值………….57
第伍章 討論…………………………………………….60
一、各種起跳方式對跳躍高度的影響…………61
二、離心及向心肌電訊號在不同起跳方式下的差異………64
三、各種起跳方式之轉換期的差異………………66
第陸章 結論與建議……………………………………67
一、垂直跳的研究限制…………………………….67
二、運動科學上的應用……………………………..68
三、未來研究的方向…………………………………70
參考文獻………………………………………………….71
附錄……………………………………………………….74

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