臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要目的是：(1)探討相關理論對運動技能表現之影響，其中包括：目標設定、自我效能、過去的表現及目標取向對運動技能表現之影響；(2)分析自我調整歷程，其中包括：個人運動技能過去的表現、目標取向、目標設定、自我效能與運動技能表現之關係。本研究以國立屏東師範學院附設國小六年級男學童76名為研究的受試者，並以足球挑球表現為實驗的項目。所有的受試者被分成實驗組與控制組。所使用的研究工具有運動目標取向量表、自設目標問卷、運動自我效能量表等。所得資料分別以t考驗、皮爾遜積差相關及徑路分析等統計方法進行分析。
本研究所得結果如下：首先在各變項對足球挑球表現的影響方面，除了過去的表現因素有顯著影響外，目標設定、自我效能及目標取向等對足球挑球表現的影響均沒有顯著性影響。
其次，在足球挑球表現之自我調整歷程方面，過去表現直接作用於挑球表現中測，而挑球表現中測直接作用於挑球表現後測，其他因素對足球挑球表現沒有直接作用，另外，目標設定(一)對目標設定(二)有直接作用；自我效能(一)對自我效能 (二)有直接作用；挑球表現中測對自我效能 (二)有直接作用；自我效能 (二) 對目標設定(二)有直接作用等。在足球挑球自我調整歷程前半段之相關變項對足球挑球表現（中測）的解釋量為27.68%；後半段之相關變項對足球挑球表現（後測）的解釋量為24.89%。最後，經由目標設定與自我效能等心理策略介入的實驗組與沒有接受上述策略介入之控制組，在足球挑球表現上並沒有差異存在。
本研究除了對所得結果提出解釋外，並對本研究結果的應用加以討論。同時，也對未來研究提出一些建議。
關鍵字：國小學童、過去表現、目標取向、目標設定
自我效能、自我調整

The purpose of this study was： (1)to investigate the effect of past performance ,goal orientations ,self-efficacy , goal setting on performance of soccer juggling, and(2) to analyze self-regulation process ,including relationship of past performance , goal orientations ,self-efficacy and goal setting .The subjects were 76 Grade Six male school children in NCPPT Elementary school. All the subjects were divided into two group：experimental group and control group. The instruments administered to the subjects were sport goal orientation inventory ,self-set goal questionnaire, and self-efficacy inventory. The collected data were analyzed by t-test, pearson product moment correlation and path-analysis.
The main findings of this study were as follows:(1) Past performance has significant effect on elementary students'' soccer juggling while the other variables had no significant effect on elementary students'' soccer juggling, e.g. goal orientations , self-efficacy and goal setting.(2) Path analysis indicated that past performance was the main determinant of future performance, that goal setting(ii) was affected by goal setting(i) and self-efficacy(ii), that self-efficacy(ii) was affected by middle test and self-efficacy(i),and that others had no significant interaction.
The variable of the first semi-term on self-regulation of soccer juggling indicated the prediction of performance to be 27.68% ; variable of the second semi-term revealed the prediction to be 24.89%.Finally, it indicated no difference on the performance of soccer juggling between the experimental group who was interfered with psychological strategy such as goal setting and self-efficacy and the control group who was free from the interference of the tactics mentioned above.
Explanations of the findings were offered ,and applications of the study were discussed . Finally, some suggestions for future studies were identified and discussed.
Keywords: elementary students, past performance,
goal orientations ,self-efficacy , goal setting,
self-regulation

目 錄
第一章 緒論1
第一節 研究動機1
第二節 研究目的4
第三節 研究問題5
第四節 名詞解釋6
第二章 文獻探討8
第一節 自我調整理論及相關研究8
第二節 目標設定理論及相關研究12
第三節 自我效能理論及相關研究16
第四節 過去表現與自我效能、目標設定、
表現之相關研究20
第五節 目標取向理論及相關研究21
第六節 目標取向、過去表現、目標設定、自我
效能與運動表現之互動關係
自我調整歷程24
第七節 研究假設29
第三章 研究方法31
第一節 樣本選取31
第二節 研究工具31
第三節 實施過程33
第四節 資料處理37
第四章 結果38
第一節 初步分析38
第二節 目標設定對足球挑球表現的影響39
第三節 自我效能對足球挑球表現的影響40
第四節 過去表現對足球挑球表現的影響41
第五節 目標取向對足球挑球表現的影響43
第六節 足球挑球表現之自我調整歷程45
第七節 實驗組與控制組足球挑球表現
之比較分析51
第五章 討論52
第一節 目標設定對足球挑球表現的影響52
第二節 自我效能對足球挑球表現的影響56
第三節 過去表現對足球挑球表現的影響57
第四節 目標取向對足球挑球表現的影響58
第五節足球挑球表現之自我調整歷程60
第六節實驗組與控制組足球挑球表現
之比較分析63
第六章 結論與建議64
第一節 結論64
第二節 建議66
參考文獻70
附錄84
表 目 錄
表3-1 實驗組與控制組之人數配置表31
表4-1 實驗組與控制組足球挑球表現前測分數之t檢定38
表4-2 目標設定與足球挑球表現之相關分析表39
表4-3 自我效能與足球挑球表現之相關分析表40
表4-4 實驗組與控制組足球挑球表現前測、中測與後測之平均數與標準差41
表4-5 實驗組足球挑球表現（前測、中測與後測）之相關矩陣42
表4-6 控制組足球挑球表現（前測、中測與後測）之相關矩陣42
表4-7 實驗組與控制組之工作取向與自我取向平均數與標準差43
表4-8 實驗組與控制組之工作取向、自我取向與足球挑球表現之相關分析表44
表4-9 足球挑球表現自我調整歷程各變項之相關矩陣46
表4-10 足球挑球表現自我調整歷程各變項間相關係數分解47
表4-11足球挑球表現自我調整因素內----自變項對依變項之解釋變異量分析表49
表4-12 實驗組與控制組足球挑球表現之t檢定51
圖 目 錄
圖2-1 足球挑球表現之自我調整歷28
圖4-1 足球挑球表現之自我調整歷程徑路圖48

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