臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

橋樑在強震下為極易受損之結構，由於台灣地處環太平洋地震帶上，因此，橋樑的耐震能力是設計時主要的考量因素之一。傳統的耐震設計係利用材料的韌性來吸收地震輸入的能量，以避免強震時結構之崩塌。然而由最近幾次發生的強烈地震災情顯示，傳統的韌性設計並未發揮預期的耐震效果。因此，吾人亟需發展有效的橋樑耐震技術。
本文探討搖晃橋柱系統應用於高橋墩橋樑減震之可行性。由於橋墩本身具柔性，有別於純剛體之行為，因此在晃動過程中須考慮橋柱本身之撓曲。文中由能量法建立其非線性運動方程式，並藉進行廣泛的數值模擬。分析結果顯示，搖晃橋柱系統可藉由橋柱搖晃運動之機制降低結構之最大反應，大幅提升橋樑之耐震能力。因此搖晃橋柱系統在橋樑減震之應用相當可行。

In this thesis, the feasibility of using rocking pier systems (RPS) for seismic protection of bridges with slender piers is studied. Differing from rigid body, the piers are flexible and therefore the flexural behavior of the piers during rocking should be taken into consideration. In this study, the nonlinear equation of motion of RPS is derived based on an energy approach and numerical simulations are carried out extensively. Analytical results indicate that seismic responses of the bridge can be significantly reduced through the rocking mechanism provided by the RPS. The effectiveness of RPS for earthquake-resistance of bridges is confirmed.

第一章緒論1
第二章搖晃橋柱系統之結構特性分析-靜力法7
2.1搖晃橋柱系統之勁度7
2.2搖晃橋柱系統之消能機制13
2.2.1動能折減係數(Kinetic energy reduction factor)13
2.2.2等效阻尼比16
第三章搖晃橋柱系統之動力分析模式-能量法22
3.1搖晃橋柱系統之運動方程式24
3.1.1系統變位24
3.1.2運動方程式之推導28
3.2晃動條件38
3.3撞擊後之初始條件39
3.4搖晃橋柱系統動力分析模式之驗證40
3.4.1Housner''s剛性質塊搖晃理論41
3.4.2Chopra和Yim 之柔性結構上舉(uplift)理論45
3.4.3Mander和Cheng之搖晃柱理論49
第四章數值模擬53
4.1HOUSNER剛性塊體搖晃理論54
4.2CHOPRA AND YIM柔性結構上舉理論55
4.3實尺寸搖晃橋柱系統之耐震評估56
4.3.1自由晃動56
4.3.2簡諧激震(Harmonic Excitation)57
4.3.3地震波激震58
第五章結論與建議63
參考文獻 65
附錄 A彈性設計反應譜A1
附錄 B數值方法 B1
B.1朗吉-卡特法(RUNGE-KUTTA METHOD)B1
B.2修正牛頓法(MODIFIED NEWTON''S METHOD)B6

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