近年來，在軟體工程中設計樣式的使用愈來愈受到重視，雖然，已有許多論文探討及介紹設計樣式的好處，但是對於設計樣式的使用目前並沒有一套有系統的方法，因而降低了設計樣式的使用效率，故本篇論文的目的在提供一套使用設計樣式的方法，幫助系統發展者使用設計樣式來發展更好的軟體。
本研究提供一個漸次的方式有系統的找出可能的設計樣式：
1. 將循序圖中訊息的特性（例如：開啟型、啟動型、與自身型）與設計樣式作比對，找出一群可能的設計樣式。
2. 將循序圖中訊息的所表現出的設計基訊息（design cardinality）與設計樣式作比對，縮小可能的設計樣式。
3. 將最後可能的設計樣式與系統的非功能性需求作比對，決定出一個最適當的設計樣式。
除了選擇設計樣式外，本研究亦討論設計樣式間衝突產生的各種情形（主要分成相斥角色的衝突和邊際效應的衝突）並提出可能的解決方法。

Recently, design patterns have been given increasing attention in software engineering, as it supports a possible solution for programmers to design a better program with less cost. As a result, a number of researchers have reported progress toward developing more and more design in different aspects. However, though selecting a good design pattern is a critical issue, there is no systematic way to guide analyzers to use design patterns. On the other, relationships between design patterns are important while using applying design patterns to user''s design, no attempt has been to address this issue.
In this research, we have proposed an approach to seeking possible design patterns based on properties of sequence diagrams and our classifications to design patterns. Essentially, a message''s type (e.g., reflexive, activation and creation) and its design cardinality in the sequence diagram offers important cue to filter possible design patterns. An classification based on design patterns'' functional information is also crucial to our approach.
Relationships between design patterns, especially conflicting relationships, are discussed in our research. We have indicated two kinds of conflict between design patterns: divergent roles and side effect. Possible solution to these conflicts are also discussed in this research.

第一章 緒論…………………………………………………………………1
1.1 動機…………………………………………………………………1
1.2 背景…………………………………………………………………1
1.3 目的…………………………………………………………………3
1.4 論文結構……………………………………………………………3
第二章 相關文獻探討……………………………………………………….4
2.1 目標導向使用案例（Goal-Driven Use Cases）……………………..4
2.2 統一模組化語言（Unified Modeling Language）……………………….7
2.3 設計樣式（Design Patterns）…………………………………………..9
第三章 使用設計樣式之方法………………………………………………..13
3.1 建構目標導向使用案例……………………………………………….13
3.2 建構初始類別圖………………………………………………………14
3.3 發展循序圖……………………………………………………………14
3.4 選取設計樣式…………………………………………………………14
3.5 發展類別圖……………………………………………………………37
第四章 實例…………………………………………………………………40
4.1 系統描述階段…………………………………………………………40
4.2 使用者案例發展階段…………………………………………………..41
4.3 初始類別圖發展階段…………………………………………………44
4.4循序圖發展階段……………………………………………………….45
4.5 類別圖發展階段………………………………………………………47
第五章 結論………………………………………………………………….58
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………..59

[1] Frank Buschmann, Regine Meunier, Hans Rohnert, Peter Sommerlad, Michael Stal. Pattern - Oriented Software Architecture: A System of Patterns.
[2] Grady Booach. Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with Application. Benjamin/Cummings, Redwood City, CA, 1994. Second Edition.
[3] Grady Booach, James Rumgaugh, Ivar Jacobson. The Unified Modeling Language User Guide, Reading,Addison-Wesley, 1999.
[4] James W. Cooper. Using Design Patterns. Communications of the ACM, Vol. 41(6), 1998.
[5] James O. Coplien and Douglas C. Schmidt. Pattern Languages of Program Design,Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1995.
[6] E. Gamma, R. Helm,R. Johnson and J. Vlissides. Design Patterns: Elements of reusable object-oriented software, Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1995.
[7] Ivar Jacobson., Magnus Christerson, Patrik Jonsson, and Gunnar Overgaard. Object-Oriented Software Engineering. Addison-Wesley, 1996.
[8] Jung J. Kim and Kevin M. Benner. An Experience Using Design Patterns: Lessons Learned and Tool Support. Theory and Practice of Object Systems, Vol. 2(1), 61-74 1996.
[9] Danny B. Lange and Yuichi Naboratory. Interactive Visualization of Design Patterns Can Help in Framework Understanding. Object-Oriented Programming System Language and Application,1995.
[10] J. Lee and N. L. Xue. Analyzing user requirements by use cases: A goal-driven approach.
[11] David H. Lorenz. Tiling Design Patterns-A Case Study Using the Interpreter Pattern. Object - Oriented Programming Language and application, Oct. 1997.
[12] Pierre-Alain Muller. Instant UML. Wrox Press Ltd.1997.
[13] Wolfgang Pree. Design Patterns for Object-Oriented Software Development, Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1995.
[14] James Rumgaugh., Michael Blaha, William {remerlani, Frederick Eddy, and William Lorenson. Object-Oriented Modeling and Design. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1991.
[15] Savitha Srinivasan. Design Patterns in Object-Oriented Frameworks. Computer, 24-32, Feb. 1999.
[16] Wolfgang Strunk and Frank Frose. Using Desing Patterns to Restructure the User Interface Part of an Application Framework. Theory and Practice of Object Systems, Vol. 2(1), 53-60, 1996.
[17] John M. Vlissides, James O. Coplien and Norman L. Kerth. Pattern Languages of Program Design,Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1996.
[18] Walter Zimmer. Relationships Between Design Patterns. Pattern Languages of Program Design, Addison-Wesley, 345-364, 1995.