當網際網路與全球資訊網以爆炸式的速度席捲全球時，網路商機成為眾所矚目的焦點，網路購物亦成為全新的消費體驗。在這種與傳統方式迥然不同的供給與消費型態之中，電子商務機制和基礎建設，儼然成為不可或缺的一環。然而傳統的電子商務技術與系統設計，大部分都是以輔助商家企業的經營、廣告、銷售、與服務等需要為中心。對於消費者而言，則比較屬於間接的助益。本論文將根據消費者購買行為模式（Consumer Buying Behavior Model），建構以智慧型代理群為基礎之消費者導向電子商務機制，包含了Merchant Agent，Consumer Agent， Catalog Agent，Agent Name Services等所組成的虛擬市場。並以電腦採購為實驗領域，實作四個依據不同的升級策略所發展出來的電腦採購演算法。經過和消費者自行在網路上採購電腦的方式相比，我們所提出的電子商務機制和演算法在節省時間以及提高購買電腦的效能上，的確有不錯的成效。

第一章 簡介
1.1研究動機
1.2研究目的
1.3研究成果
1.4論文架構
第二章 相關研究
2.1智慧型代理人
2.1.1 KQML通訊協定
2.1.2 代理人目錄服務(Agent Name Services)
2.2電子商務
2.2.1 整合性電子型錄
2.3消費者購買行為模式
2.4各種以智慧型代理人為仲介之電子商務系統
第三章 消費者導向的電子商務
3.1 虛擬市場
3.2 本體(ONTOLOGY)
3.3 消費者代理人
3.4 商家代理人
3.5 產品仲介
3.6 商家仲介
第四章 產品選購策略
4.1 策略分析
4.2 固定順序升級及元件效能優先搜尋法
4.2.1 演算法
4.2.2 效能分析
4.3 固定順序及最小幅度升級搜尋法
4.3.1 演算法
4.3.2 效能分析
4.4 價格導向的漸進式搜尋法
4.4.1 演算法
4.4.2 效能分析
4.5 PP值選取演算法
4.5.1 演算法
4.5.2 效能分析
第五章 效能評估
5.1 系統流程
5.2 執行效能分析
5.2.1 執行效能與預算金額間的關係
5.2.2 執行效能與資料量多寡間的關係
5.3 滿意度分析
5.3.1 不同策略的專業滿意度比較
5.3.2 不同策略的消費者滿意度比較
5.4 消費者與電腦系統的比較
第六章 結論與未來方向
6.1 問題與討論
6.2 應用
6.3 消費者購買行為語言
6.4 結論
6.5 未來方向
參考文獻
附錄A 樣板元件
附錄B 消費者對電腦組合滿意度調查(結果與問卷)

[1] Allan, J., J. Davis, D. Krafft, D. Rus, and D. Subramanian. Information agents for building hyperlinks. Proc. 1993 CIKM Workshop on Intelligent Hyperlinks, 1993.
[2] A. Andreasen. "Attitudes and Consumer Behaviour: A Decision Model". In L. Preston（ed.）, New Research Marketing. California Institite of Business and Economics Research, University of California, 1965 [Arens93] Arens, Y., C. Y. Chee, C.-N. Hsu, and C. A. Knoblock. Retrieving and integrating data from multiple information sources. International Journal on Intelligent and Cooperative Information Systems 2（2）:127-158, 1993.
[3] BargainFinder URL: http://bf.cstar.ac.com/bf/
[4] J. Bettman. "An Information Processing Theory to Consumer Choise", Addison-Wessley, 1979.
[5] Bond, A. H. And L. Gasser. Readings in Distributed Artificial Intelligence. Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, 1988.
[6] Bradshaw, J. Ed. Software Agents, MIT Press, 1997.
[7] Collet, C., M. N. Huhns, and W.-M. Shen. Resource integration using a large knowledge base in Carnot. IEEE Computer, pp. 55-62, Dec. 1991.
[8] Cybenko, G., R. Gray, Y. Wu, and A. Khrabrov. Information architecture and agents. 1994.
[9] eBuy''s AuctionWeb URL: http://www.ebuy.com/
[10] J. Engel and R. Blackwell. "Consumer Behaviour", 4th ed. CBS College Publishing, 1982.
[11] Etzioni, O., S. Hanks, D. Weld, D. Draper, N. Lesh, and M. Williamson. An approach to planning with incomplete information. In Proc. 3rd International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, pp. 115-125, Cambridge, MA, 1992.
[12] Etzioni, O., K. Golden, and D. Weld. Tractable closed-world reasoning with updates. In 4th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Bonn, Germany, 1994.
[13] Etzioni, O. and D. S. Weld. Intelligent agents on the Internet: Fact, fiction, and forcast. IEEE Expert, Aug 1995.
[14] Finin, T., R. Fritzson, D. McKay and R. McEntire. KQML as an agent communication language. In Proc. 3rd Intl. Conf. On Information and Knowledge Management, 1994. ACM Press.
[15] Firefly. URL: http://www.firefly.com/
[16] Genesereth, M. and S. Ketchpel. Software agents. CACM, 37（7）:48-53, 1994.
[17] Gray, R. Transportable agents. Technical Report PCS-TR95-261, Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, 1995.
[18] Robert H. Guttman and Pattie Maes. "Cooperative vs. Competitive Multi-Agent Negotiations in Retail Electronic Commerce." To appear, Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Cooperative Information Agents （CIA''98）. Paris, France, July 1998.
[19] Robert H. Guttman, Alexandros G. Moukas, and Pattie Maes. Agent-mediated Electronic Commerce: A Survey. Software Agents Group, MIT Media Laboratory, 1998.
[20] Hawkins, D., K. Coney, and R. Best. Consumer Behavior: Implications for Marketing Strategy. Business Publications, Inc., 1980.
[21] J. Howard and J. Sheth. "The Theory of Buyer Behaviour", John Wiley and Sons, 1969.
[22] Jango URL: http://www.jango.com/
[23] Kahn, R. E. and V. G. Cerf. An open architecture for a digital library system and a plan for its development. Technical report, Corporation for National Research Initiatives, March 1988.
[24] Kasbah URL: http://kasbah.media.mit.edu/
[25] Knoblock, Craig, and A. Levy. Efficient query processing for information gathering agents. In Proc. Workshop on Intelligent Information Agents, Gaithersburg, MD, 1994.
[26] Knoblock, Craig, Y. Arens, and C.-N. Hsu. Cooperating agents for information retrieval. Proc. 2nd Intl Conf on Cooperative Information Systems, University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 1994.
[27] Knoblock, Craig. Planning, executing, sensing, and replanning for information gathering. Proc. 14th Intl Joint Conf on Artificial Intelligence, 1995.
[28] Knoblock, Craig, J. L. Ambite. Agents for information gathering. In J. Bradshaw ed. Software Agents, AAAI/MIT Press, Menlo Park, CA. In press.
[29] Landers, T. And R. L. Rosenberg. An overview of Multibase. In H.J. Schneider, editor, Distributed Data Bases. North-Holland, 1982.
[30] Levy, A. Y., Y. Sagiv, and D. Srivastava. Towards efficient information gathering agents. Proc. AAAI Spring Symposium Series on Software Agents, Palo Alto, CA. 1994.
[31] Maes, P. Agents that reduce work and information overload. CACM, 37（7）:31-40, 1994.
[32] P. Maes, R. Guttman and A. Moukas. "Agents that Buy and Sell: Transforming Commerce as we Know It." Communications of the ACM, March 1999 Issue.
[33] A. Moukas, R. Guttman, and P. Maes. "Agent-mediated Electronic Commerce: An MIT Media Laboratory Perspective." Proceedings of the First International Conference on Electronic Commerce (ICEC''98), Seoul, Korea, April 1998.
[34] A. Moukas, R. Guttman, G. Zacharia and P. Maes. "Agent-mediated Electronic Commerce: An MIT Media Laboratory Perspective." To appear in International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 1999 Issue.
[35] F. Nicosia. "Consumer Decision Processes: Marketing and Advertising Implications." Prentice Hall. 1966.
[36] OnSale URL: http://www.onsale.com/
[37] Papazoglou, M. P., S. C. Laufmann, and T. K. Sellis. An organizational framework for cooperating intelligent information systems. International Journal of Intelligent and Cooperative Information Systems, 1（1）:169-202, 1992.
[38] PersonaLogic URL: http://www.personalogic.com/
[39] J. Rosenschein and G. Zlotkin. Rules of Encounter: Designing Conventions for Automated Negotiation among Computers. MIT Press, 1994.
[40] Runyon, K. and D. Stewart. Consumer Behavior, 3rd ed. Merrill Publishing Company, 1987.
[41] Rus, D., R. Gray, and D. Kotz. Autonomous and adaptive agents that gather information. AAAI96 Workshop on Intelligent Adaptive Agents, 1996.
[42] Selberg, E. and O. Etzioni. Multi-service search and comparison using the MetaCrawler. In Proc. 4th World Wide Web Conf., 195-208, 1995. See http://www.cs.washington.edu/research/metacrawler.
[43] U. Shardanand and P. Maes. "Social Information Filtering: Algorithms for Automating ''Word of Mouth''." Proceedings of the Computer-Human Interaction Conference（CHI''95）, Denver, CO, May, 1995
[44] Sheth, A. P. and J. A. Larson. Federated database systems for managing distributed, heterogeneous, and autonomous databases. ACM Computing Surveys, 22（3）:183-236, 1990.
[45] Shoham, Y. Agent-oriented programming. Artificial Intelligence, 60（1）:51-92, 1993.
[46] Terpsidis, I., A. Moukas, B. Pergioudakis, G. Doukidis, and P. Maes. The Potential of Electronic Commerce in Re-Engineering Consumer-Retail Relationships through Intelligent Agents. J.-Y. Roger, B. Stanford-Smith, and P. Kidd. (eds.) Advances in Information Technologies: The Business Challenge, IOS Press, 1997.
[47] E. Tsang. Foundations of Constraint Satisfaction. Academic Press, 1993.
[48] Rolf T. Wigand and Robert I. Benjamin. "Electronic Commerce: Effects on Electronic Markets." To appear, "Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication", Dec.1995.
[49] Woelk, D., M. Huhns, and C. Tomlinson. InfoSleuth agnets: The next generation of active objects. Object Magazine, July/August, 1995.
[50] P.Wurman, M.Wellman, and W.Walsh. "The Michigan Internet AuctionBot: A Configurable Auction Server for Human and Software Agents." In the Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Autonomous Agents. May, 1998.