臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文旨在分析《潘蜜拉》此本小說中十八世紀的文化與社會之關係。十八世紀的社會變遷影響了本小說的故事結構。社會與文化的影響力制衡著理查森的情感小說 (sentimental novel) ，因而讀者思考《潘蜜拉》是本道德與真善或是本階級提升的小說。探討前述問題時，理查森所用的書信方式與婚姻的報酬是被視為首要的手法闡述此小說之主旨。
緒論一章首先探討散文小說在十八世紀的地位。寫實主義與現實般的情節引起了讀者對此本小說的興趣及對潘蜜拉處境的感同身受。理查森脫離十七世紀的浪漫愛情小說而藉以現實主義拉近小說與讀者、故事與現實的距離。
首章以詳論《潘蜜拉》中書信的使用與情感為主。潘蜜拉以書信的方式陳述當下 (to the moment) 的情況及表達自身的情感。內心的情感(sentimentality) 驅使讀者本身建立與女主角的關係，並使讀者同情她的處境。第二章主體上闡述社會與經濟在十八世紀的影響力，這是Mr. B ，男主角引誘潘蜜拉動機的推動力及支持力，這也因而使得潘蜜拉在道德與真善的立場上受到考驗。第三章說明潘蜜拉困境的解決之道。當困境逐漸消失，一切將迎任而解。婚姻在戲劇性的權力爭奪下，給與了這故事最好的結束。第三章的重要性是加以引申理查森的主張---這是一本有故事及情感 (story and sentiment) 的小說。故事中的男主角藉著轉變而發現誠與德，且女主角也獲得真善的回報。此章中強調矛盾困境之後婚姻的意義與重要。最後，當所有的困難一一解決，小說中的 “closet” 象徵 “chronotope” 。我使用巴赫汀的定義與例子說明我的觀點。
結論一章再次呈現小說中的歷史背景、改變、挑戰、與出乎意料之事。在故事裡，寫信者真實地描述事實，因而把她從悲慘命運中拯救並使她得到回報與認同。真善美的潘蜜拉保有她的靈魂並成為一名貴族。

This thesis is an analysis of the novel Pamela in a cultural and social relationship during the eighteenth century. The social changes of the period influenced the conditions that structure this novel. In light of the influences that are challenging Richardson’s sentimental novel, the reader is faced with the question of whether Pamela is indeed a novel of morality and virtue or if it is a novel of class ascension. Considering this question in mind, the use of Richardson’s epistolary form and the reward of marriage will be deemed vital in coming to grips with the novel’s purpose.
The introduction of my thesis explores prose fiction’s place in the eighteenth century. The realism and close familiarity allow readers to become entranced with the novel and provide an ideal readership for Pamela’s plights. Richardson’s deviation from the Romances is made possible through this narrowing of the gap between text and audience, the story and the realistic.
The first chapter begins with a discussion of Pamela’s use of letters and sentiments. The letter format allows a “to the moment” narration from the heroine and accounts for Pamela’s exclusive authorship in a dramatic fashion. Sentimentality encourages the readers to form a relationship with the heroine and sympathize with her situation. The chapter deals mostly with the social and economic factors of the period that dictates Mr B.’s motives. His motives are supported by social condition that leads to the trial of Pamela’s moral and virtuous stance. The third chapter presents a resolution to Pamela’s struggle. As the struggle subsides, there is a final resolution. Marriage gives the story a sense of closure from the dramatic vying of authority. The importance of the third chapter augments Richardson’s claim that this is a novel of “story and sentiment.” By reforming, the emphasis is on the discovery of honor and virtue by the hero, thus allowing a reward of virtue for the heroine. This chapter magnifies the means and the significance of the marriage following the struggle. After which, the remnant of the triangular struggle is identified as the closet. With this last piece of evidence, I labeled the closet as portrayed in the novel as a chronotope. In effect, I used Bakhtin’s definition and examples to illustrate my point.
The concluding chapter again situates the novel in its historical background, full of change, challenge, and unexpectedness. Within the story, the letter writer’s truthful journalizing effectively saves her from certain doom and allows her the possibility of triumph and presence. As such, the virtuous young woman preserves her soul and is rewarded by being raised to the station of the aristocracy.

INTRODUCTION 1
CHAPTER ONE Pamela: A Story of Letters and Involvement 23
CHAPTER TWO The Triangle of Power: The Struggle Between
the Body, Truth, and the Letter 43
CHAPTER THREE Out of the Closet: Chronotope and the
Emergence of Truth 75
CONCLUSION 99
WORKS CITED 103

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