本研究旨在建立血漿皮質醇之酵素免疫分析法( EIA )，並探討台灣山羊血液皮質醇濃度的晝夜節律變化，不同生殖狀態以及涼熱季節對血液皮質醇濃度之影響。
本研究所建立的皮質醇( cortisol )之酵素免疫分析法，其靈敏度為1.29 ng / ml，分析內變異係數為1.5-3.7 % ，分析間變異係數為5.4-6.3 %。以皮質醇之標準液與山羊的血清樣品測試後，顯示EIA與放射免疫分析法( RIA )之相關性極高( r > 0.96 )。
應用頸靜脈導管，以每20分鐘間隔採血歷時24小時，顯示台灣山羊之血漿皮質醇濃度，有晝夜節律性的存在。涼季( 11-1月)的分泌高峰在早上0900-1100，熱季( 7-9月) 的分泌高峰在0300-0700。涼季皮質醇之總平均值為6.4±2.3 ng / ml、基底濃度為5.3±2.0 ng / ml，而高峰頻率為10.5 個 / 24小時；熱季皮質醇之總平均值為4.5±1.8 ng / ml、基底濃度為3.0±0.9 ng / ml，而高峰頻率為12.1 個 / 24小時。前三項數值在涼熱季節間並無顯著差異。
為研究不同生殖狀態，對腎上腺皮質功能之影響，以每週採樣一次歷時兩年的血樣，來分析動情週期、乏情期與懷孕期間血液皮質醇濃度之變化。結果顯示，血清皮質醇濃度在懷孕期( 12.5 ng / ml )與動情週期( 13.2 ng / ml )間無顯著的差異，但均顯著高於乏情期( 6.4 ng / ml )( P<0.05 )；而黃體期與濾泡期之皮質醇濃度，差異不顯著( P>0.05 )。
利用藥物動力學的二室模式( two-compartment model )探討台灣山羊對皮質醇之代謝，結果顯示涼熱季節皮質醇之半衰期，涼季顯著長於熱季( 40.8與27.4分鐘 ) ( P< 0.05 )。在皮質醇之平均濃度，分別為6.0±1.1與5.0±1.1 ng / ml；分泌率為5.3±1.8與5.2±1.2 ug / min；代謝清除率為0.8±0.2與1.0±0.2 l / min，涼熱季節間之差異皆不顯著( P>0.05 )。在ACTH反應性試驗方面，以外源性ACTH 40 IU行肌肉注射，結果顯示熱季時腎上腺皮質部對外源性ACTH刺激之反應，有顯著低於涼季的現象( P<0.05 )。

The purpose of this study was to develop the enzyme immunoassay ( EIA ) for cortisol, and to investigate effects of circadian rhythm, reproductive status and seasons on the cortisol secretion of Taiwan native goats.
The sensitivity of the EIA of cortisol was 1.29 ng / ml. The coefficients of variation of the intra- and inter- assay were 1.5-3.7 % and 5.4-6.3 %, respectively. The correlation of standard and serum cortisol concentrations were determined by EIA or RIA is good ( r > 0.96 ).
Using jugular cannula for subsequent blood sampling. Samples were collected at 20 mins interval during a 24-hr period. The results showed that there is a diurnal rhythm of plasma cortisol levels during one whole day. In cool season, the cortisol peak is found at 0900-1100 am. and 0300-0700 am. in hot season. The average plasma cortisol concentrations, basal concentrations and frequence of episodes were 6.4±2.3 ng / ml, 5.3±2.0 ng / ml and 10.5 pulses / 24 hr, respectively, in cool season. A similar pattern is observed in hot season. The average plasma cortisol concentrations, basal concentrations and frequence of episodes were 4.5±1.8 ng / ml, 3.0±0.9 ng / ml and 12.1 pulses / 24 hr, respectively. There is no significant difference is observed between cool and hot season.
Sampling weekly for two years ( 1996-1997 ) to understand the profile of blood cortisol levels in different reproductive status. In pregnant ( 12.5 ng / ml ) and cyclic ( 13.2 ng / ml ) goats, the serum cortisol concentrations were significant higher than anestrus ( 6.4 ng / ml ) goats, but there is no significant difference is between luteal phase and follicular phase.
Clearance of cortisol from the plasma of goats was evaluated by two-compartment model during cool and hot seasons. The half life of cortisol was longer in cool season than in hot season ( 40.8 vs. 27.4 ). The basal plasma cortisol ( 6.0±1.1 vs. 5.0±1.1 ng / ml ), secretion rate ( 5.3±1.8 vs. 5.2±1.2 ug / min ), and metabolic clearance rate ( 0.8±0.2 vs. 1.0±0.2 l / min ) of cortisol were no significant difference between two seasons. In ACTH stimulation test, the response pattern of cortisol to exogenous ACTH (40 IU, I.M.) was significant lower in hot season than in cool season.

目 次
I. 、摘要……………………………………………….. 1
II. 、緒言……………………………………………….. 3
III.、文獻檢討………………………………………….. 5
IV. 、材料與方法……………………………………….. 37
V. 、結果與討論……………………………………….. 51
VI. 、結論……………………………………………….. 78
VII.、附錄……………………………………………….. 79
VIII、誌謝..…………………………………………….. 81
IX. 、參考文獻………………………………………….. 82
X. 、英文摘要………………………………………….. 98
XI. 、簡歷…..………………………………………….. 100

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